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Period1languagepointsWarmingupJamesCook(1728-1779)wasthegreatestBritainnavigator.CookenlistedintheRoyalNavyin1755.In1768hewaspromotedandsenttothePacificwherehesurveyedTahitiNewZealandandAustralia.Onhisfamoussecondexpedition(1772-75)heexploredAntarctica.In1776heundertookhisthirdandfinalvoyageinwhichheexploredtheWestcoastofNorthAmericaandtriedtolocateapassagebetweentheAtlanticandPacificoceans.OnthisvoyagehediscoveredtheHawaiianIslandsandsailedupthecoastofNorthAmericathroughtheBeringStraitstotheArcticOcean.OnhisreturnhewaskilledbyHawaiianislanders.Italian-bornexplorerChristopherColumbusbrokewithtraditionin1492sailingwestinanattempttofindashorterroutetoIndiaandChina.ColumbusbasedhiscalculationsforthejourneyonBiblicalscripturespecificallythebooksofEsdrasintheApocrypha.OnAugust3rd1492ColumbusdepartedfromPalosdelaFronteraSpainonthefirstofseveralvoyagestowhathelatercalledthe“NewWorld.”Abel·Tasman在他的第二次远航1644年他向东跟随了新几内亚南海岸。他想念Torres海峡在新几内亚和澳洲之间和继续了他的远航沿澳大利亚沿海。他测绘了澳洲北海岸。从VOC的观点Tasman的探险是失望:他没有发现了一个有为的区域为贸易亦不一条有用的新运输路线。在一个世纪(直到詹姆斯厨夫时代)塔斯马尼亚岛和新西兰由欧洲再未访问。澳洲通常只由事故访问了但和与许多探险家Tasman的名字被尊敬了在许多地方。这些有:塔斯马尼亚岛海岛Tasman半岛Tasman桥梁Tasman高速公路passenger/vehicle轮渡在新西兰、Tasman冰川和Abel·Tasman国家公园listening2.Whatmodernmeanscanexplorers…speaking2.WhenCaptainJamesCooklandedin….3.Insteadofsendingpeoplewecansendrobotsequippedwith….结束