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小学英语英语故事名人故事Confucius.doc

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1ConfuciusConfuciusthegreatestteacherinthehistoryofChinawasbornin551B.C.Hebegantodevotehimselftoseriousstudiesandmadeuphismindtobecomeascholarattheageoffifteen.Whenhebeganteachinginhisearlytwentieshesoonbegantoattractmanydisciples.Hewasnotonlyascholarbutalsoamanwhohadpoliticalideals.Heheldseveralofficesandhadtriedhardtoputhisidealsintopractice.Butwhenhisidealscouldnotberealizedheresigned.Afterhisresignationfromgovernmentservicehespenthislastyearsteachingandeditingearlierwritings.ItisgenerallybelievedthatConfuciuspreservedtheliteratureofChinaforlatertimes.FearingthatitwouldbelostduringthetroublederainwhichhelivedhegatheredearlierwritingstopreparewhatarecalledtheFiveClassics.HealsoleftbehindhimtheAnalectsacollectionofsayingswhichwereputtogetherbyhisdisciples.Itwasinfactacompletecollectionofhisthoughtsandteachings.ConfuciuswasbornonlyafewyearsaftertheBuddha.UnliketheBuddhahoweverhedidnotseektoescapefromtheworldbutwantedtofindawayformantobehappyonearth.Hetaughtthathumannaturewasgoodnotbad.Ifmenwouldthinkandactproperlyhebelievedmostevilswoulddisappear.Histeachingsheldthatmenshoulddevelopthevirtuesofkindlinesstoleranceandrespectforolderpeopleandancestors.Ingovernmenthebelievedthattherulerwaslikethefatherinafamily:hedirectedthegovernmentbutwasresponsibleforthewelfareofhispeople.Healsostressedtheimportanceofeducationgoodmannersandtradition.Itwashisbeliefthateducationshouldnotbetheprivilegeofalimitednumberofpeople.Sohewasthefirstpersontobringtheknowledgepreviouslyreservedfortherulingclasstothecommonpeople.HisthoughtsandteachingswerehighlyvaluedbytheChinesepeopleandtheyformedthefoundationofagreatphilosophyConfucianism.InfactConfucianis