数控车床主传动设计[1].doc

摘要IV摘要数控车床不仅能够车外圆还能用于镗孔、车端面、钻孔与铰孔。与其他种类的机床相比车床在生产中使用最广。本论文首先介绍了我国数控机床发展的过程与现状并分析了其存在的问题;对数控机床的发展趋势进行了探讨；并对JIFCNC-B数控车床主轴箱传动系统进行了设计与计算。主轴箱有安装在精密轴承中的空心主轴和一系列变速齿轮组成。数控车床主轴可以获得在调速范围内的任意速度以满足加工切削要求。目前数控车床的发展趋势是通过电气与机械装置进行无级变速。变频电机通过带传动和变速齿轮为主轴提供动力。通常变频电机调速范围3—5难以满足主轴变速要求；串联变速齿轮则扩大了齿轮的变速范围。本设计将原来的带轮不卸荷结构变为了带轮卸荷结构使输入轴在带处只受转矩将轴上的径向力传动到车床机体上改善了输入轴的受力情况。关键词：主轴箱无级调速传动系统AbstractAbstractNClathecandoboringfacingdrillingandReaminginadditiontoturning.Theuseoflathesintheproductionthantheothertypesofmachinetoolsandmore.Andcomparedtoothertypesofmachinetoolslathesintheproductionisthemostwidelyused.InthisdesignthedevelopmentandcurrentsituationofNCmachineinChinawasintroducedandaseriesofproblemswerepresented.ThedevelopmenttrendtoNClathewasdiscussed.SomecountermeasureswaspresentedforthedevelopmentofNCmachineinChinaandthentheheadstockofJIFCNC-BNClathehasbeencalculatlydesigned.Headstocksiscomposedofthehollowspindlewhichisinstalledinprecisionbearingsandaseriesoftransmissiongears.Thespindlecanobtainanyspeedinthespeedrangetomeettheprocessingrequirementsofcutting.Atpresentthedevelopmenttrendistoprovideacontinuouslyvariablespeedthroughtheelectricalormechanicaldevices.VariableFrequencyMotorconveysthepowerthroughbeltdriveandasetoftransmissiongears.ThespeedrangeofVariableFrequencyMotorisusually3-5whichisdifficulttomeetthespeedrangerequirementsofthespindlespeed;Thetransmissiongearsistoexpandthescopeofavariable-speedtomeetthespeedrangeofthespindleInadditioninthisdesignthedesignofthebeltdrivehasbeenchangedfromtheoriginalunloadingstructureintotheloadingstructuretransmissedtheforcetothelathebodysothatinputshaftisonlyforcedtorqueimprovedtheforcingstateoftheinputshaft.Keywords:headstocksacontinuou