英语翻译技巧.doc

英语翻译技能——省略法一、从语法角度来看〔一〕省代词1．省略作主语的人称代词〔1〕省略作主语的人称代词IhadmanywonderfulideasbutIonlyputafewintopractice.我有特未几美好的办法然而只把多数付诸实践了。Hewasthinandhaggardandhelookedmiserable.他安康干瘪看上去一副悲伤相。〔2〕英语中泛指人称代词作主语时即使是作第一个主语在汉语译文中每每也可以省略。Weliveandlearn.活到老学到老。Whenwillhearrive-Youcannevertell.他什么时分到？--说禁绝。Thesignificanceofamanisnotinwhatheattainedbutratherinwhathelongstoattain.人生的意思不在于曾经猎取的而在于盼望失落丢失落什么样的货色。2．省略作宾语的代词Themorehetriedtohidehismistakesthemoreherevealedthem.他越是想要掩饰他的过失就越是随意暴露。Pleasetakeofftheoldpictureandthrowitaway.请把那张旧画取上去抛弃。3．省略物主代词Iputmyhandintomypocket.我把手放出口袋。Shelistenedtomewithherroundedeyes.她睁大年夜双眼听我谈话。〔二〕代词it的省略Outsideitwaspitchdarkanditwasrainingcatsanddogs.不处一团乌黑大年夜雨滂湃。Heglancedathiswatch;itwas7:15.他一看表是七点一刻了。Ittookmealongtimetoreachthehospital.我花了特不长时刻才到了病院。Itisthepeoplewhoarereallypowerful.国平易近才是最巨大年夜的。〔三〕省略衔接词Helookedgloomyandtroubled.他看上去有些忧虑不安。〔省略并列衔接词〕Asitislateyouhadbettergohome.时刻不早了你最好回家去吧。〔省略表现缘故的衔接词〕Ifsintercomescanspringbefarbehind冬天来了春天还会远吗？〔省略表现前提的衔接词〕IfIhadknownitIwouldnothavejoinedinto.早知如斯我就不参与了。〔省略表现前提的衔接词〕Johnrosegloomilyasthetrainstoppedforhewasthinkingofhisailingmother.火车停了约翰郁郁地站了起来由于他想起了病中的母亲。〔省略表现时刻的衔接词〕〔四〕省略冠词1．英语有冠词汉语不冠词；因而英译汉时每每可将冠词省略。Ateachershouldhavepatienceinhiswork.当教师的该当有耐烦。〔省略不定冠词A〕Thehorseisausefulanimal.马是无益的植物。〔省略定完词The〕Itisoutofthequestiontoflytothemooninthepast.在过来飞往月球是相对办不到的状况。〔省略定完词The〕Themoonwasslowlyrisingabovethesea.玉轮慢慢从海回升起。〔省略定冠词The〕2．英译汉时省略原文中的冠词是普通情况。但在某些场合冠词却不克不及省略能够翻译为"一个每一谁人谁人"等。比方：Heleftwithoutsayingaword.他一句话不说就走了。Egbertsaidhewasgettingadollaramile.埃格伯特说他〔开车〕天天一英里就赚一块钞票。Thisisthebookyouwanted.这确实是你要的那本书。〔五〕省略介词1．省略表现时刻的前置词ThePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949.一九四九年中华国平易近共跟国成破。比拟：中华国平易近共跟国成破于一九四九年。〔介词译成汉语在句首时能够省略在句尾就不省略〕OnJuly11997HongkongreturnedtothePeople'sRepublicofChina.一九九七年七月喷喷鼻喷鼻港回归了中华国平易近共跟国。2．省略表现所在的前置词Smokingisprohibitedinpublicplaces.大年夜众场合禁绝抽烟。InwinteritismuchcolderintheNorththanitisintheSouth.冬天南方的气象比南方冷得多。如：Hestoodbythedesk.他站在桌旁。Istayedinmybrother'shouse.我住在弟弟家里。〔四〕省略动词Whenthepressuregetslowthe