最全的高考化学金属单质还原性方程式总结.doc

2019最全的高考化学金属单质还原性方程式总结要想改善高考化学分数写对化学方程式是选不可少下面为各位同学总结了金属单质还原性方程式希望对各位同学有所帮助。2Na+H2==2NaH==4Na+O2==2Na2O==2Na2O+O2==2Na2O22Na+O2==Na2O2==2Na+S==Na2S(爆炸)2Na+2H2O==2NaOH+H2↑==2Na+2H2O=2Na++2OH―+H2↑2Na+2NH3==2NaNH2+H2↑==2Na+2NH3=2Na++2NH2―+H2↑4Na+TiCl4==4NaCl+Ti==Mg+Cl2==MgCl2==Mg+Br2==MgBr22Mg+O2==2MgO==Mg+S==MgS2Cu+S==Cu2S==(Cu2S只能由单质制备)Mg+2H2O==Mg(OH)2+H2↑2Mg+TiCl4==Ti+2MgCl2==Mg+2RbCl==MgCl2+2Rb2Mg+CO2==2MgO+C==2Mg+SiO2==2MgO+SiMg+H2S==MgS+H2Mg+H2SO4==MgSO4+H2↑==(Mg+2H+=Mg2++H2↑)2Al+3Cl2==2AlCl34Al+3O2==2Al2O3==(常温生成致密氧化膜而钝化在氧气中燃烧)4Al(Hg)+3O2+2xH2O==2(Al2O3.xH2O)+4Hg(铝汞齐)4Al+3MnO2==2Al2O3+3Mn==2Al+Cr2O3==Al2O3+2Cr==(铝热反应)2Al+Fe2O3==Al2O3+2Fe==2Al+3FeO==Al2O3+3Fe2Al+6HCl==2AlCl3+3H2↑==2Al+6H+=2Al3++3H2↑2Al+3H2SO4==Al2(SO4)3+3H2↑==2Al+6H+=2Al3++3H2↑2Al+6H2SO4(浓)==Al2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2O==(AlFe在冷浓的H2SO4HNO3中钝化)Al+4HNO3(稀)==Al(NO3)3+NO↑+2H2O==Al+4H++NO3–=Al3++NO↑+2H2O2Al+2NaOH+2H2O==2NaAlO2+3H2↑==2Al+2OH–+2H2O=2AlO2–+3H2↑2Fe+3Br2==2FeBr3==3Fe+2O2==Fe3O4==2Fe+O2==2FeO==(炼钢过程)Fe+I2==FeI2Fe+S==FeS==(FeS既能由单质制备又能由离子制备)3Fe+4H2O(g)==Fe3O4+4H2↑Fe+2HCl==FeCl2+H2↑==Fe+2H+=Fe2++H2↑Fe+CuCl2==FeCl2+Cu==Fe+Cu2+=Fe2++Cu↓Fe+SnCl4==FeCl2+SnCl2(铁在酸性环境下不能把四氯化锡还原为单质锡Fe+SnCl2==FeCl2+Sn↓==Fe+Sn2+=Fe2++Sn↓