论科学树木养护和园林病虫害防治措施.doc

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论科学树木养护和园林病虫害防治措施
Onscientifictreemaintenanceandplantdiseasesandinsectpestspreventionandcontrolmeasures
各类绿洲，应有各自完好的灌溉与排水系统。对新植的树木应根据不一样树种和不一样登时条件进行适期、适当的灌溉应坚持土壤中有用水分。已栽植成活的树木，在土壤干旱的环境中也应及时进行灌溉，对水分和空气温度需求较高的树种，须在清晨或黄昏进行，格外新栽树木或登时环境较差的还应当地进行叶面喷雾。灌溉前应先松土，夏日灌溉宜早、晚进行，冬天灌溉选在正午进行，灌溉要一次浇透。
Allkindsofoasis,duetotheirgoodirrigationanddrainagesystem.Thenewlyplantedtreesshouldbesuitable,appropriateirrigationshouldbeusefulinsoilaccordingtothedifferentspeciesanddifferentgroundconditions.Havebeenplantingsurvivalrateoftrees,thesoildroughtenvironmentshouldalsobetimelyirrigation,waterandairtemperaturedemandhigherspecies,shallbecarriedoutintheearlymorningorevening,especiallythenewlyplantedtreesorwasworseenvironmentshouldalsobetofoliarspray.Irrigationbeforelooseningthesoil,irrigation,latesummerearly,winterirrigationatnoon,irrigationtooncedrenched.
树木周围积水应及时扫除，新栽树木周围积水尤应尽速扫除。乔木灌木下的大型野草有必要根除，格外对树木损害严峻的各类藤蔓，例如菟丝子等。树木根部邻近的土壤要坚持疏松，易板结的土壤应及时松土；中耕除草应挑选在明亮清明或初晴气候，过火湿润的土壤不宜中耕除草，中耕深度以不影响根系成长为限。树木休眠期和栽植前，需施基肥，树木成长期施追肥，能够依照植株的成长势进行；上肥量应视树木成长情况、土壤肥力而定，通常乔木胸径15cm以上的，每3cm胸径应上肥1.0公斤，胸径在15cm以上的，每3cm胸径施堆肥1.0～2.0公斤；树木处于青壮年期欲扩展树冠及观花，观果植物，应适当增上肥量；乔木和灌木均应先挖好上肥环沟，其外径应与树木的冠幅相适应，深度和宽度通常为25～30cm；施用的肥料品种挑选应视树种，成长期及欣赏和土壤缺肥情况等不一样而定。早期欲扩展冠幅，宜施氮肥，观花观果树种应增施磷、钾肥。
Thetreesaroundthewatershouldbetimelycleaning,thenewlyplantedtreesaroundthewatermustbeasfastaspossibletoremove.LargegrasstreesandShrubsundernecessarytoeradicate,especiallythedamageoftreesofvariouskindsofvinesevere,suchasdodder.Treerootsnearthesoiltoloose,easytohardensoilshouldbetimelycultivation;weedingshouldbeselectedinaclearorsummerclimate,toomoistsoilnotweeding,cultivatingdepthdoesnotaffecttherootgrowthislimited.Treesdormancyandcultivatedbefore,needtoapplyfertilizer,thetreesgrowthtopapplication,canaccordingtoplantgrowthpotential;onthequantityoffertilizershouldbeconsideredtreegrowth,soilfertilityandtreediameteratbreastheight,usuallymorethan15cm,each3cmdiameter