常用动词和动词短语用法.ppt

常见动词及动词短语的用法

一,动词的基本形式1.第三人称单数形式2.过去式3.过去分词4.现在分词二、形状相似的动词的误用这类动词的误用主要是由于其拼法相同或相似,词根同或在不规则变化中因某些相似而引起.1.lie与lay的区别lie----lay----lain----lying躺
lie----lied----lied----lying说谎lay----laid----laid----laying放，搁2.hang(悬挂)与hang(绞死,吊死)的区别hang----hung----hung----hanging
悬挂hang----hanged----hanged----hanging绞死
3.rise与raiserise----rose----risen(vi.)
raise----raised----raised(vt.)
4.experience(v.&n.经历n.经验)与experiment(n.&v.实验)5.loose(松开,解开)与lose(丢失)
6.insiston(坚持)与stickto(坚持)
7.effect(n.效果v.使有效)与affect(v.影响),effort三,动词与其它词因词形相似而引起的误用常见的词有:accept----expert----except----expectadvise----advice
practise----practice
bath----bathe
breath----breathechoose----choicepass----passed----pastsucceed----success----successful----successfully四,常用动词的词义与搭配
HAVE
1.havesth.done
havesb.(sth.)doing
havesb.do
havesb.(sth.)done/doing…/do…
在否定句中have可表示"允许,忍受,容忍".
e.g.We'llnothaveyoutellhimwhattodo.(不允许)
Theycan'thavethatsortofthinghappening.(容忍)I'veneverhadanythingsaidagainsther.(不容忍)2.表示"有"时带不定式做定语表"将来",带分词做定语表"正在进行"【比较】Hehasalotofworktodo.(带to的不定式做定语,逻辑主语是句子主语,todo与work之间是动宾关系且不定式为及物动词或相当于及物动词(vi.+介)的主动式)I'llgotothepostoffice;doyouhavealettertobeposted(post不是由句子主语执行,故用及物或相当于及物动词的被动式)MAKE
句型:make+宾语,make+双宾语,make
+宾语+名词,make+宾语+adj.,make+it
+adj./n.+todosth./that-clause,make
sb./sth.do,makesth./oneselfdone2.短语:makeanapologyto…;makeaface;makealiving;makeamistake;makeaspeech(作演讲);makefriendswith;makefunof;makeroomfor;makeuseof;makethebestof(尽量利用,善用);makepreparationsfor;makesentenceswith;makerepairs;makegreat/rapidprogress;maketrouble(引起麻烦);makeone'sway(前进,行进);makeupone'smind;makeup(构成,弥补,虚构,打扮);makesure/certain;makeabed(铺床);makeadecision;makeadiscovery;makeajourney;makeaplanfor;makeaneffort(努力);makedifference(区别);makelaws(制订法律);maketea(沏茶);makearecord(录制唱片);makemoney;makeachoice(进行选择);makeasuggestion(提建议),makewar(开战)DO注意do和make:一般说来,"do"含有"进行某项活动"的意思,而"make"含有"造出新东西"的意思.dobusiness(做买卖),dosb.afavour,dosome/much/mycooking,dowrong,dosb.good/harm/wrong(dogoodtosb.)(对……有益/有害/冤枉),dotheroom(整理房间),doawaywith(取消