西方文化浪漫主义.ppt

RomanticismRomanticismemphasizedindividualvaluesandaspirationsabovethoseofsociety.Asareactiontotheindustrialrevolution,itlookedtotheMiddleAgesandtodirectcontactwithnatureforinspiration.
Itgaveimpetustothenationalliberationmovementin19thcenturyEurope.
TworevolutionsincurredbytheEnlightenment:
TheFrenchrevolution

Theindustrialrevolution

FrenchRevolutionTheIndustrialRevolutionLiteraturetookthefullforceofRomanticism.Itbroughtforthafullfloweringofliterarytalents.
TheleadingRomanticwriterswereBlake,Wordsworth,Coleridge,Scott,Byron,ShelleyandKeatsinEngland,HugoandSandinFrance,HeineinGer-many,ManzoniandLeopardiinItaly,PushkininRussia,Michie-wiczinPoland.
Theirworks,diversifiedincharacteranddaringinspirit,alldepictedman’seagersearchforindividualfreedom,puresentimentsandidealbeauty.

RomanticisminGermany1.Goethe歌德(1749—1832)

TheSorrowsofYoungWerther
WilhelmMeister’sApprenticeship
WilhelmMeister’sTravels
Faust
PoetryandTruth

TheSorrowsofYoungWerther《少年维特之烦恼》(1774),playedanenormousroleinthespreadofRomanticsentimentamongtheyoung.《少年维特之烦恼》
AChinesetranslationofitbyGuoMoruoduringtheNewCultureMovementof1919alsomovedmanyyoungChinesetotears,asituationwhichdrewfromthetranslatorthesesentimentallines:2.JohannChristoph
FriedrichvonSchiller(1759—1805)
TheRobbers
CabalandLove
Wallenstein
WilhelmTell2.SchlegelBrothers(施莱格尔兄弟)
(theJenaSchool)AugustW.vonSchlegel（威廉.冯.施莱格尔）
(1767—1845)FriedrichvonSchlegel（弗里德里希.施莱格尔）
(1772—1829)
3.HeinrichHeine(海涅)(1797—1856)RomanticisminFranceChateaubriand夏多布里昂Chateaubriand夏多布里昂Chateaubriand夏多布里昂世纪病患者是法国早期浪漫主义作家夏多布里昂《勒内》中的人物形象。作品写贵族青年勒内的忏悔。勒内生性孤僻、忧郁，与周围的一切格格不入，整日在冥思遐想中排遣他的忧郁，在孤独的漂泊中消磨着年轻的生命。当他发现姐姐因爱他而进修道院，精神受到打击，只身来到北美，死于部落战争。这是文学史上第一个“世纪病”的形象。小说反映了在大革命浪潮的冲击下，丧失了一切的贵族青年悲观绝望的精神状态、阴暗的心理和郁郁寡欢的情怀。Chateaubriandestablishasetofromanticaestheticsfor（美学）thearistocracy（贵族政治）.Heexpandedthescopeofthedescriptionofnaturalbeauty,Heisalsothefirsttodescribethebeautyofruins,desolationanddepressioninRomanticLiterature.In19thmanywriterssuchasVictorHugoweretofollowhisbanner.V