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1 初中英语语法宾语从句讲解 小口诀: 宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制; 主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;陈述转化that引,一般疑问用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。 一.基本讲解来源:直接引语变间接引语 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 Eg:Hesaid,“Iamgoodatdrawing”. Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语) 1.引导词 (1)that引导宾语从句时,通常用陈述句充当,that可省略。 Eg:Shesaid,“Iwanttogothere”Shesaid(that)shewantedtogothere. (2)whether或if引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当,陈述语序。 Eg:“Areyouinterestedingeography?”shesaid. Sheaskedif/whetherIwasinterestedingeography. Iwonderif/whethershehastoldthenewtoLiLei. I’mnotsurewhetherhewillcomeornot. 注意:一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外 a.介词短语后只用whether不用if eg:Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepanic. b.引导词与动词不定式或ornot连用时,只用whether. eg:Ican’tsaywhetherornothewillcomeontime c.if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,表示‘如果’,不能用whether. Eg:Ifyouwanttobeagoodteacher,itwilltaketimes. Whetheryoucansucceeddependsonhowmucheffortyoupay. (3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时,不可省略,陈述句语序。 特殊疑问词为:how,when,where,why,whichwhose. E.g.‘Whatdoyouwant?’Heasked.HeaskedmewhatIwanted. Ihavenoideawhereheisnow.Idon’tknowhowtodealwithit. Heaskedwhosehandwritingisthebestintheclass. 2.宾语从句时态 a.主句为一般现在时,从句不受主句的限制 eg:Doyouknowif/whetherhehasseenthefilm? I’msorrytohearthatyourfatherisill. ShesayssheisgoingtogotoBeijingnextweek. Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterday. b.当主句是一般过去时,从句用过去的相应某种时态 Shedidn’tknowwhytheboywaslateagain.(过去一般) Ididn'tknowif/whetherhehadseenthefilm.(过去完成) IwonderedwhenshewasgoingtoAmerica.(过去将来) 注意:当主句是一般过去时,而从句表示的是客观真理,自然现象,科学原理,格言等, 从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如: Eg:Hesaid(thattheearthmovesroundthesun./thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.) Theteachertoldus(seeingisbelieving.) 1 2 3.语序:陈述语序,主+谓+其他 *whenwillyouleaveforBeijing?(Couldyoupleasetellme) CouldyoupleasetellmewhenyouwillleaveforBeijing? *Hassheseenthemovie?(Heasked.) Heaskedifshehadseenthemovie. *Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou? 宾语从句专项习题 巩固练习 1.Haveyoudecided________forAustralia? A.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleave C.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave 2.Canyoutellme_________? A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.TomliveswhereD.whereTomlives 3.Theoldm