跨文化交际课程第一单元市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖PPT课件.pptx

跨文化交际Unit1

CommunicationAcrossCultures概念补充：Theterm“cross-cultural”or“intercultural”
usuallyreferstothemeetingoftwoculturesortwo
languagesacrossthepoliticalboundariesofnation-
states.Theyarepredictedontheequivalenceofone
nation---oneculture---onelanguage,andonthe
expectationthata“cultureshock”maytakeplace
uponcrossingnationalboundaries.Inforeign
languageteaching,across-culturalapproachseeks
waystounderstandtheotherontheothersideof
theborderbylearninghis/hernationallanguage.Theterm“intercultural”mayalsoreferto
communicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentethnic,
social,genderedcultureswithintheboundariesofthe
samenationallanguage.Bothtermsareusedto
characterizecommunication,say,betweenChinese-
AmericansandAfrican-Americans,betweenworking-
classandupper-classpeople,betweenmenand
women.“Interculturalcommunication”referstothe
dialoguebetweenminorityculturesanddominant
cultures,andisassociatedwithissuesofbilingualism
andbiculturalism.Theterm“multicultural”ismorefrequently
usedintwoways.Inasocietalsense,itindicates
thecoexistenceofpeoplefrommanydifferent
backgroundsandethnicities,asin“multicultural
societies”.Inanindividualsense,itcharacterizes
personswhobelongtovariousdiscourse
communities,andwhothereforehavethe
linguisticresourcesandsocialstrategiesto
affiliateandidentifywithmanydifferent
culturesandwaysofusinglanguage.“跨文化交际”这一术语惯用来指任何两个不一样语言文
化背景人之间交际。“跨文化”在英语文件中通惯用两
个术语表示：一个“inter-cultural”，另一个是“cross-cultural”
。所以，我们常能够看到英语中“跨文化交际”分别用
inter-culturalcommunication和cross-culturalcommunication
来表示。语言学家和文化人类学家依据各自研究领域特点
对这两个术语使用各有偏爱。语言学家较多使用“cross-
cultural”，而人类学家则更喜欢使用“inter-cultural”。这是因为
语言学家研究重点是对各种语言活动进行跨文化对比，而文
化人类学家研究是代表不一样文化个体之间交际，重点是
面对面非正式交际。有一点是基本一致，就是“inter-
culturalcommunication”研究并不只对言语交际感兴趣，它
还力图对影响跨文化交际各种原因作出解释。它研究重点
在非语言文化原因上。最近，国内学者们几乎都用“inter-
culturalcommunication”，可能是其涵盖范围更广泛之故。IdentifyingDifference:Addressing(Page20---23)依据Brown和Gilman研究结果，称呼语
使用有两种范围：对等式称呼（reciprocal
/symmetrical）和非对等式称呼
（Nonreciprocal/asymmetrical）。对等式称
呼语，指交际双方使用相同称呼语，如都使
用Goodmorning这