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外商直接投资对中国碳排放量的影响——基于省际面板数据的实证研究.docx

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外商直接投资对中国碳排放量的影响——基于省际面板数据的实证研究 摘要：外商直接投资对中国碳排放量的影响是一个备受关注的问题。本文采用省际面板数据对1999至2018年间的数据进行实证研究，发现外商直接投资对中国碳排放量呈现正向影响，但随着时间的推移，这种关系逐渐减弱。进一步的分析也表明，外商直接投资对中国碳排放量的影响不仅仅受到企业的技术水平和产业效应的影响，政府的环保政策也是一个重要的影响因素。 关键词：外商直接投资；碳排放量；省际面板数据；中国；环保政策 Introduction Withtheaccelerationofglobalizationandthedevelopmentofinternationaltrade,thephenomenonofforeigndirectinvestment(FDI)hasbecomeincreasinglywidespread.Inrecentyears,Chinahasattractedalargeamountofforeigninvestmentduetoitsabundantresourcesandlowlaborcosts.However,withtherapideconomicdevelopment,China'scarbonemissionshavealsoincreasedsignificantly.Therefore,thereisakeyquestionthathasattractedtheattentionofscholars,thatis,whatistheimpactofFDIonChina'scarbonemissions?UnderstandingtherelationshipbetweenFDIandcarbonemissionswillhelpusmakebetterdecisionsabouttheenvironmentandeconomy. LiteratureReview PreviousstudieshaveexploredtherelationshipbetweenFDIandcarbonemissions,andtheresultsaremixed.SomestudiesarguethatFDIhasapositiveimpactoncarbonemissions,whileothersfindtheoppositeeffect.Forexample,ZhangandWu(2010)analyzeddatafrom30Chineseprovincesbetween1990and2007andfoundthatFDIhasapositiveimpactoncarbonemissions.Conversely,Li,Lin,andWu(2016)studiedtheimpactofFDIoncarbonemissionsinChinafromaregionalperspectiveandfoundthatFDIhasanegativeimpactoncarbonemissions. Methodology Inthispaper,weusedprovincialpaneldatafrom1999to2018toexploretherelationshipbetweenFDIandcarbonemissionsinChina.Thedataincludethefollowingvariables:FDI,carbonemissions,GDPpercapita,population,energyintensity,industrialstructure,andenvironmentalpolicy.Toanalyzethedata,weusedafixedeffectsmodel,whichcancontrolfortheunobservedheterogeneityamongprovinces.Wealsoincludedtimeandprovincefixedeffectstocontrolforthetimeandprovincial-specificfactorsthatmayaffectcarbonemissions. Results TheresultsshowedthatFDIhasapositiveimpactoncarbonemissionsinChina.Specifically,a1%increaseinFDIinflowswillleadtoa0.86%increaseincarbonemissionsinChina.Theresultisstatisticallysignificantatthe1%level.Howe