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分布式水文模型EasyDHM在玛纳斯河流域径流模拟中的应用.docx

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分布式水文模型EasyDHM在玛纳斯河流域径流模拟中的应用 1.Introduction Withtheincreasingdemandforwaterresourcesmanagement,hydrologicalmodelinghasbecomeaneffectivewaytosimulateriverflowsandpredictwateravailability.Distributedhydrologicalmodelshavebeenwidelyusedastheyconsiderspatialvariationsinprecipitation,landuse,soilproperties,andtopography.Thesemodelsprovidevaluableinformationforwaterresourcemanagementandfloodforecasting.EasyDHMisoneofthedistributedhydrologicalmodelsthathavebeendevelopedandusedforriverbasinmodelinginvariouspartsoftheworld.Inthispaper,wediscusstheapplicationofEasyDHMintheManasRiverBasinforsimulatingriverflows. 2.DescriptionoftheStudyArea TheManasRiverBasinislocatedinthenorthwestofChina,anditcoversanareaof43,000squarekilometers.TheriverflowsintotheJungarBasin,anditisoneoftheimportanttributariesoftheIrtyshRiver.TheManasRiverisknownforitshighlyvariableflowregimeduetothearidandsemi-aridclimateandthemountainousterrainofthearea.Themainsourcesofwaterinthebasinaresnowmelt,glaciermelt,andprecipitation. 3.Methodology TheEasyDHMmodelisadistributedhydrologicalmodelthathasbeendesignedtosimulatethehydrologicalprocessesinlargeriverbasins.Themodelconsidersthespatialvariabilityofvariousparameters,suchasprecipitation,temperature,andlanduse.Themodelisbasedonthedistributed,physicallybasedapproachandincludesthreemainmodules:themeteorologicalmodule,thehydrologicalmodule,andthechannelmodule.Themeteorologicalmoduleisresponsibleforcollectingandprocessingthemeteorologicaldata,includingprecipitation,temperature,windspeed,andsolarradiation.Thehydrologicalmodulecalculatesthesurfacerunoff,infiltration,evapotranspiration,groundwaterrecharge,andsoilmoisture.Thechannelmodulesimulatestheriverflowrouting. TheManasRiverBasinwasdividedinto40sub-basinsbasedonthetopographicalcharacteristicsofthearea.ThemeteorologicaldatawereobtainedfromtheChinaMeteorologicalAdministration,andthedigitalelevationmodel(DEM)wasobtainedfromtheShuttleRadarTopographyMission(SRTM).ThelandusedatawereobtainedfromtheChineseLandUseDatabase.