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烟火药水下燃烧的声辐射机理与实验研究(英文).docx

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烟火药水下燃烧的声辐射机理与实验研究(英文) Introduction Fireworksdisplaysareapopularformofentertainmentenjoyedallovertheworld,especiallyduringcelebrationssuchasIndependenceDay,NewYear'sEveandotherfestivals.Fireworksaremadeupofavarietyofchemicalcompoundsthatproducedifferentcolorsandpatternswhenignited.Pyrotechnicdisplaysinvolvethecombustionofthesechemicalcompounds,resultingintheemissionofsound,lightandsmoke.Thepurposeofthispaperistoexplorethemechanismsandeffectsofsoundradiationfromtheburningoffireworks. MechanismsofSoundRadiationfromFireworks Whenfireworksareignited,thecombustionprocessproduceshightemperaturesthatcausethesurroundingairtorapidlyexpand,generatingashockwave.Thisshockwaveresultsintheemissionofsoundwaves,whicharetheprimarysourceofsoundradiationfromfireworks.Thesoundwavesareproducedbytherapidfluctuationinpressurecausedbytheshockwaveandaretransmittedthroughtheairtocreatethesoundheardbyobservers. Thesoundwavesgeneratedduringthecombustionoffireworkscanbecategorizedintotwotypes:directandindirect.Directsoundwavesareproducedbythecombustionprocessitselfandareemitteddirectlyfromthesource.Indirectsoundwavesareproducedbythereflectionandrefractionofdirectsoundwavesastheybounceoffnearbysurfacessuchasbuildingsorhills.Thereflectionofsoundwavescanincreasetheiramplitude,orvolume,anddistorttheirfrequency,resultinginacharacteristicechothatcanbeheardbyobservers. ExperimentalResearchonSoundRadiationfromFireworks Severalexperimentalstudieshavebeenconductedtoinvestigatethemechanismsandeffectsofsoundradiationfromfireworks.InastudyconductedbyWanget.al(2017),theauthorsanalyzedthesoundradiationcharacteristicsofthreetypesoffireworks,eachcontainingdifferentamountsofgunpowder.Theresultsshowedthattheamplitudeandfrequencyofsoundwavesincreasedwiththeamountofgunpowderusedinthefireworks.Theresearchersalsofoundthattheechogeneratedbyindirectsoundwaveshadasignificantimpactontheperceivedsoundqualityoffireworksdisplays. AnotherstudybySadaet.al(2013)examinedtheeffectsofatmosphericconditionsonthesoundradiationfromfi