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从氧化铜矿氨浸出液中萃取铜的研究(英文).docx

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从氧化铜矿氨浸出液中萃取铜的研究(英文) ExtractionofCopperfromAmmoniaLeachSolutionofCopperOxideOre Introduction Copperisoneofthemostimportantmetalsinourdailylife,anditiswidelyusedinvariousfields,especiallyinelectronicproductsandconstructionindustries.Themajorsourcesofcopperaresulfideores,butcopperoxideoreshavebecomeincreasinglysignificantinrecentyears,accountingforabout20%ofworldcopperproduction.Amongtheprocessingmethodsforcopperoxideores,ammonialeachinghasreceivedmuchattentionduetoitshighselectivityandsolubilityforcopper,whichcancontributetotheefficientrecoveryofcopperfromlow-gradeores.However,theseparationandrecoveryofcopperfromtheammonialeachsolutionofcopperoxideorearestillchallenging,andvarioussolventextraction(SX)techniqueshavebeendevelopedtoachievethisgoal.Inthisreview,wewillsummarizetherecentadvancesintheextractionofcopperfromammonialeachsolutionofcopperoxideorebySX. AmmoniaLeachingofCopperOxideOre Ammonialeachingisahydrometallurgicalprocessthatutilizesammoniaasacomplexingagenttodissolvecopperfromoxideores.Copperoxideoresareusuallycomposedofcopperoxidemineralssuchascuprite(Cu2O),tenorite(CuO),malachite(Cu2CO3(OH)2),andazurite(Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2),whicharecommonlyassociatedwithganguemineralssuchasquartz,feldspar,andclayminerals.Thebasicreactionforcopperoxidedissolutionbyammoniaisasfollows: CuO+4NH3+H2O→[Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2++2OH- Thecoppercomplexformedintheleachingprocessisstableandhighlysolubleinwater,whilemostoftheganguemineralsarenotsoluble,whichfacilitatestheseparationofcopperfromtheleachsolution.Inaddition,thepHvalueoftheleachsolutionaffectsthecoppersolubilityandselectivity,andtheoptimumpHforcopperextractionisaround9.5. SolventExtractionofCopperfromAmmoniaLeachSolution Solventextractionisawell-establishedtechniquefortheseparationandpurificationofmetalsfromaqueoussolutions.Itinvolvesthetransferofametalionfromtheaqueousphasetoanorganicphasebyaselectiveligand,andthesubsequentback-extractionofthemetalionintoadifferentaqueoussolution.Inthecaseofcopperextractionfromammonialeachsolution,di