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200MW机组轴系振动原因分析与处理.docx

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200MW机组轴系振动原因分析与处理 Title:AnalysisandTreatmentofShaftSystemVibrationina200MWPowerUnit Introduction: Shaftsystemvibrationisacommonprobleminpowergenerationunits,anditcanhavesignificantimplicationsfortheperformance,reliability,andlifespanoftheequipment.Thispaperaimstoanalyzethecausesofshaftsystemvibrationina200MWpowerunitandproposeeffectivetreatmentmethodstomitigatetheissue. 1.CausesofShaftSystemVibration: 1.1UnbalancedRotors: Unbalancedrotorsareoneoftheprimarycausesofshaftsystemvibrationinpowerunits.Imbalanceintherotatingcomponentscanresultfrommanufacturingdefects,wearandtear,orincorrectassemblyprocedures.Thiscausesunevendistributionofmass,whichleadstoforcesthatgeneratevibrationduringoperation. 1.2Misalignment: Misalignmentbetweenthecoupledcomponentsofashaftsystemisanothersignificantcontributortovibration.Misalignmentcanoccurduetopoorinstallation,thermalexpansion,ormisalignmentintheinitialdesign.Misalignmentcausesstressandstrainonthecomponents,leadingtoexcessivevibration. 1.3Resonance: Resonanceoccurswhenthenaturalfrequencyofacomponentmatchestheexcitationfrequency.Itcanbecausedbyimproperdesign,inadequatedamping,orchangesinoperationalconditions.Resonanceamplifiesvibrationlevels,leadingtopotentialdamagetotheshaftsystem. 1.4LateralandTorsionalOscillations: Lateralandtorsionaloscillationscanresultfromvarioussources,includingcouplingmisalignment,pressurefluctuations,unevenloading,orinstabilitiesintherotatingparts.Theseoscillationscreatedynamicforces,which,ifnotadequatelycontrolled,caninduceseverevibrationintheshaftsystem. 2.DiagnosisandAnalysis: Todiagnoseandanalyzetheshaftsystemvibration,varioustoolsandtechniquescanbeemployed: 2.1ModalAnalysis: Modalanalysishelpsdeterminethenaturalfrequencyandmodeshapesofthecomponents.Analyzingthemodalfrequenciescanidentifyanyresonantfrequenciesthatcoincidewiththeoperationalspeedsandallowforproperadjustmentsindesignordamping. 2.2VibrationMonitoring: Continuousvibrationmonitoringusingaccelerometersprovidesessentialdatatoassesstheseverityand