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基于截面数据的中国主要城市规模产出效应的实证研究.docx

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基于截面数据的中国主要城市规模产出效应的实证研究 Introduction TherapiddevelopmentofurbanizationinChinahasbeenaccompaniedbyanincreaseinthesizeofcities.Asthescaleofcitiesexpands,itisimportanttoexaminetherelationshipbetweencitysizeandoutputefficiency,whichhassignificantimplicationsforurbanplanningandresourceallocation.ThispaperexplorestherelationshipbetweencitysizeandoutputefficiencyinChina'smajorcitiesusingcross-sectionaldataanalysis. LiteratureReview Thestudyoftherelationshipbetweencitysizeandoutputefficiencyisanimportantresearchtopicinurbaneconomics.Aconsiderableamountofresearchhasbeenconductedonthistopicinbothdevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Theoretically,therelationshipbetweencitysizeandoutputefficiencycanbeexplainedbytwomodels:theagglomerationeconomiesmodelandthecongestiondiseconomiesmodel. Theagglomerationeconomiesmodelsuggeststhatlargercitieshaveadvantagesintermsofproductionandconsumptionbecausetheyoffergreateraccesstoadiverserangeofresources.Theconcentrationoffirmsandlaborinlargercitiescanalsoincreasethespeedofinnovationandreducetransactioncosts,whichincreasesfirmproductivity.Thecongestiondiseconomiesmodel,ontheotherhand,suggeststhatascitiesbecomelarger,congestionandthecostoflivingincrease,whichcannegativelyimpactproductivityandoutputefficiency. SeveralempiricalstudieshaveexaminedtherelationshipbetweencitysizeandoutputefficiencyinChina.Somestudieshavefoundthatlargercitieshaveapositiveeffectonoutputefficiency,whileotherstudieshavefoundthattherelationshipbetweencitysizeandoutputefficiencyisU-shaped. Methodology Inthisstudy,weusecross-sectionaldataanalysistoexaminetherelationshipbetweencitysizeandoutputefficiencyinChina'smajorcities.ThedatausedinthisstudycomesfromtheChinaCityStatisticalYearbookandcovers40majorcitiesinChina. Tomeasureoutputefficiency,weuseGDPpercapitaasthedependentvariable.Tomeasurecitysize,weusepopulationastheindependentvariable.Wealsocontrolforothervariablesthatmayaffectoutputefficiency,suchaseducationlevel,urbanizationrate,anddistancefromthecoast. ResultsandDiscussion