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基于线阵CCD的迈克尔逊干涉仪测量金属丝的弹性模量.docx

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基于线阵CCD的迈克尔逊干涉仪测量金属丝的弹性模量 一、Introduction: Interferometrytechniquehasbecomeavaluabletoolformeasuringvariousphysicalparameters.OnesuchexampleisthemeasurementoftheelasticmodulusofamaterialusingaMichelsoninterferometer.Inthispaper,weproposeamethodtomeasuretheelasticmodulusofametalwireusingaMichelsoninterferometerandalinearrayCCDdetector. Theelasticmodulusofamaterialisdefinedastheratioofstresstostrainofthematerial.Inthecaseofametalwire,thisparameterdeterminesthestiffnessofthewire.Themeasurementoftheelasticmodulusofametalwireisimportantinapplicationssuchasthedesignofsprings,wires,andcables. TheMichelsoninterferometerisacommonlyusedinterferometerthatusesabeamsplittertodividealightbeamintotwopaths,whicharethencombinedagaintoproduceaninterferencepattern.Theinterferencepatterndependsonthepathdifferencebetweenthetwobeams,whichinturndependsonthelengthofthetwopathsandthewavelengthofthelightused. Inthispaper,wedescribethesetupoftheMichelsoninterferometerandthelinearrayCCDdetector,andthetechniqueusedtomeasuretheelasticmodulusofthemetalwire. 二、ExperimentalSetup: TheexperimentalsetupoftheMichelsoninterferometerisshowninfigure1.Alaserbeamisdividedintotwobeamsbyabeamsplitter.OnebeamisreflectedbyamirrorandtheotheristransmittedthroughametalwireoflengthL.ThetwobeamsarethencombinedagainbythebeamsplitterandprojectedontothelinearrayCCDdetector. ThelinearrayCCDdetectorconsistsofalinearsetofcharge-coupleddevicesthatcandetecttheintensityoflightacrossthelengthofthedetector.Thedetectorisplacedperpendiculartotheinterferencepatternproducedbythecombinedbeams. Figure1:ExperimentalSetupoftheMichelsonInterferometer 三、Procedure: Tomeasuretheelasticmodulusofthemetalwire,thefollowingstepsarefollowed: 1.ThemetalwireisinitiallyunloadedandtheMichelsoninterferometerisadjustedforoptimumperformance. 2.Themetalwireisthenloadedbyapplyingaknowntensileforceusingaspecializedfixture. 3.Thelengthofthemetalwireunderloadismeasuredusingamicrometer.Thismeasurementisusedtodeterminethestrainofthewire. 4.Theinterferencepatt