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基于GIS的黑河山区流域水文过程要素分析(英文).docx

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基于GIS的黑河山区流域水文过程要素分析(英文) AnalysisofHydrologicalProcessesintheHeiheMountainBasinBasedonGIS Introduction: TheHeiheMountainBasinislocatedinthenorthwestpartofChina,intheGansuprovince.Thisareaisextremelyimportantfortheregion,asitrepresentsthemainsourceofwaterforirrigationpurposesandforthelocalpopulation.Duetoitsgeographicallocation,theHeiheMountainBasinischaracterizedbywaterscarcityandthehydrologicalprocessesarestronglydependentontheseasonalvariations.Inordertobetterunderstandthehydrologicalprocessesandtodevelopadequatestrategiesforabetterwaterresourcemanagement,itisnecessarytoperformacomprehensiveanalysisofthewatercycletakingplaceinthisarea.Inthiscontext,GeographicInformationSystems(GIS)canbeapowerfultooltoanalyzeandmapthevarioushydrologicalprocessesandtoprovideusefulinformationfordecisionmaking. Methodology: ToanalyzethehydrologicalprocessesintheHeiheMountainBasin,aGIS-basedapproachwasadopted.Thetopo-geomorphicfeaturesofthebasinwereextractedfromtheDigitalElevationModel(DEM)usingtheArcGISsoftware.Thebasictopographicalcharacteristicssuchasslope,aspect,andelevationwerederivedfromtheDEM.TheflowdirectionandflowaccumulationmapsweregeneratedusingtheTerrainAnalysisWizardtoolintheArcGISsoftware.ThehydrologicalunitsweredelineatedusingtheArcHydrotool.ThedigitalsoilmapanddigitallandusemapwerealsoincorporatedtotheGISdatabase.Finally,themodelsweredevelopedforsimulatingthesurfacerunoff,groundwaterflow,andwaterqualityusingtheSWAT(SoilandWaterAssessmentTool)andHSPF(HydrologicalSimulationProgram-Fortran)models. ResultsandDiscussion: ThehydrologicalprocessesintheHeiheMountainBasinwereanalyzedindetailusingGIStechniques.Theresultsshowedthatthesurfacerunoffinthebasinismainlyinfluencedbyprecipitation,topography,andlanduse.Thesurfacerunoffissignificantlyhigherintheareaswithsteepslopesandbaresoilorsparsevegetation,whileitislowerintheareaswithgentleslopesanddensevegetationcover.Thegroundwaterflowinthebasinismainlyinfluencedbytheaquiferproperties,includingthehydraulicconductivityandhydraulicgrad