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考点20平面向量的数量积、平面向量应用举例 一、选择题 1.(2013·上海高考理科·T18)在边长为1的正六边形ABCDEF中,记以A为起点,其余顶点为终点的向量分别为SKIPIF1<0;以D为起点,其余顶点为终点的向量分别为SKIPIF1<0.若SKIPIF1<0分别为SKIPIF1<0的最小值、最大值,其中SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,则SKIPIF1<0满足(). A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0 【解析】选D.,只有SKIPIF1<0,其余均有SKIPIF1<0,故选D. 2.(2013·大纲版全国卷高考文科·T3)与(2013·大纲版全国卷高考理科·T3)相同 已知向量SKIPIF1<0() A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0 【解题指南】利用SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0化简求解. 【解析】选B.因为SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0. 3.(2013·湖南高考理科·T6)已知SKIPIF1<0是单位向量,SKIPIF1<0=0.若向量SKIPIF1<0满足SKIPIF1<0() A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0 【解题指南】本题首先弄懂向量SKIPIF1<0是一组正交基底,且SKIPIF1<0,构造SKIPIF1<0,当SKIPIF1<0时,利用圆的知识可求得结果。 【解析】选A.条件SKIPIF1<0可以理解成如图的情况, 而SKIPIF1<0,向量SKIPIF1<0的终点在单位圆上,故|SKIPIF1<0|的最大值为SKIPIF1<0 最小值是SKIPIF1<0,故选A. 4.(2013·重庆高考理科·T10)在平面上,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.若SKIPIF1<0,则SKIPIF1<0的取值范围是 A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0 【解析】选D.因为QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT⊥QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT, 所以QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT·QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT=(QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT-QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT)·(QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT-QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT) =QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT·QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT-QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT·QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT-QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT·QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT+QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT=0, 即QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT·QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT-QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT·QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT-QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT·QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT=-QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT, 因为QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT=QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT+QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT,所以QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT-QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT=QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT-QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT+QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT-QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT, 即QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT=QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT+QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT-QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT. 因为|QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT|=|QUOTE\*MERGEFORMAT|=1, 所以=1+1++2(QUOTE\*MERGEF