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ABI踝臂指数检查 -------动脉粥样硬化无创性筛查 ABIAssessment文档附赠有可编辑的3D小人素材动脉粥样硬化的病理进程动脉粥样硬化的主要临床表现定义 PAD是动脉粥样硬化的一种类型,脂肪沿动脉管壁沉积,导致管腔的狭窄和阻塞性病变,主要损伤下肢和足部的动脉。 流行病学 有症状的PAD患者占55-74岁年龄段人群的4.5%,大约20%的老年人患有症状的或无症状的PAD。危险因素最容易的方法...A.B.I.哪些人需要进行ABI检查解释检查程序Explainandreassurepatientoftheprocedure 保持室温舒适Ensureambienttemperatureoftheroomiscomfortable,Moffatt1990 松解上下肢体衣裤Removeanytightclothingfrombotharmsandstockingssocksetc.fromlegs 保护溃疡伤口Removeanydressingsfromcurrentulcersandcoverwithaclearfilm,Kenny1997 患者保持安静休息15-20分钟Restthepatientfor15-20minutes,Yao1993;Williams1993 患者仰卧Positionthepatientsupine,Stubbing1996正常静脉血流音SoundsofnormalveinTheposteriortibialpulseislocatedinthehollowbehindthemedialmalleolus,andthedorsalispedispulseisfeltbetweenthefirstandsecondmetatarsals.K.RVowden,1996足踝血压AnklePressures VascularAssessmentTrainingSession-Introductory足踝血压AnklePressures VascularAssessmentTrainingSession-IntroductoryABI检查HowtoexaminetheABI VascularAssessmentTrainingSession-IntroductoryABI计算HowtoCalculatetheABI VascularAssessmentTrainingSession-IntroductoryABI结果解释HowtointerprettheABI VascularAssessmentTrainingSession-IntroductoryABI检查周期RepeatABIchecks VascularAssessmentTrainingSession-Introductory影响ABI结果的因素FactorsAffectingtheAccuracyoftheABI VascularAssessmentTrainingSession-Introductory探头位置不正确IncorrectpositionofDopplerprobeovervessel 血压测量不正确Incorrectpressuremeasurements 对血管施压过大Excessivepressureonvesselduringprocedure 血管挤压Collapsesvessels 血圧袖带放气过快ReleasingsphygcufftoorapidlyRiskofmissingsystolicpressurepoint 血管加压时间过长Prolongedinflationofthecuff/re-inflationHyperemiceffectonlimb 血管反复加压Midprocedure/repeatedinflationVowdenK.P.1996 Hyperemiceffectonlimb 检测过程中探头移动MovingDopplerduringmeasurement Incorrectpressuremeasurement 检测经验不足InexperienceoftheprocedureAnderson1995 practicalskillrequiringassessmentbypeers多普勒波形和声音 Dopplerwaveformsandsounds心脏收缩期迅速升高的血流速多普勒波形和声音DopplerWaveforms&Sounds单相波形-异常MonophasicWaveform2-Abnormal 失去多相波单元足趾动脉PPG检查 MeasuringToepressuresandTBPI光电容积PPG原理PPGShiftExplained VascularAssessmentTrai