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一种基于导体尖端效应的无针式静电纺丝方法(英文) ANeedle-freeElectrospinningMethodBasedontheTipEffectofConductor Electrospinning,asawidelyusedtechnologyinthepreparationofnanofibers,hasbroughtunprecedentedopportunitiesforthedevelopmentofmanyfields.However,theuseofaneedleintraditionalelectrospinninginevitablylimitsitsscopeofapplication.Atthesametime,theneedleisalsopronetoclogging,whichaffectsproductionefficiency.Inrecentyears,manyresearchershavefocusedondevelopingneedle-freeelectrospinningmethods. Amongthem,onepromisingmethodisbasedonthetipeffectofaconductor.Theprincipleofelectrospinningisthatasufficientlyhighelectricfieldisappliedtotheconductivepolymersolutiontoovercomethesurfacetensionandproduceachargedjet.Inneedle-freeelectrospinning,aconductivesubstrateisusedinsteadofaneedle.Whenahighvoltageisappliedtothesubstrate,aconductivepointwillbeformedatitstip,whichplaysarolesimilartothatofaneedletipintraditionalelectrospinning. Comparedwithtraditionalelectrospinning,needle-freeelectrospinninghasmanyadvantages.Firstly,itcanovercomethedrawbacksofneedlecloggingandimproveproductionefficiency.Secondly,themorphologyofthenanofiberspreparedbyneedle-freeelectrospinningismoreuniformandorderlyduetothehighlylocalizedelectricfield.Thirdly,theuseofaconductivesubstrateinsteadofaneedlemakesitpossibletoprepareavarietyofpolymernanofibers,suchashydrogelsornon-conductivematerials. Therearetwomaintypesofconductivesubstratesusedinneedle-freeelectrospinning:metallicsubstratesandpolymericsubstrates.Metallicsubstrates,suchascopperplatesoraluminumplates,havetheadvantageofgoodconductivity.However,theirhighsurfaceenergyoftenresultsinpooradhesionbetweenthedepositednanofibersandthesubstrate.Polymericsubstrates,ontheotherhand,havebetteradhesion,buttheirconductivityisusuallylowerthanthatofmetallicsubstrates. Inrecentyears,researchershavemademanyeffortstoimprovetheperformanceofneedle-freeelectrospinningbasedonthetipeffectoftheconductor.Oneofthemosteffectivemethodsistouseamulti-tiparrayinsteadofasingleconductortip.Byarrangingmult