预拉伸对铝合金淬火厚板变形的矫直仿真研究.docx

预拉伸对铝合金淬火厚板变形的矫直仿真研究
摘要
随着工业化的发展，铝合金淬火厚板在航空、汽车、船舶等领域得到了广泛应用，但在加工过程中易产生变形。预拉伸是一种常用的减小淬火变形的方法，本文通过有限元仿真探究预拉伸对铝合金淬火厚板变形的影响。
首先，建立了铝合金淬火厚板预拉伸-淬火-矫直的有限元仿真模型，并对模型进行验证，结果表明模型的精度较高。
其次，对于不同预拉伸量的情况下进行了仿真，在淬火过程中模拟了厚板产生的变形。结果显示，随着预拉伸量的增加，厚板的变形量出现逐渐减小的趋势，预拉伸量为10%时，变形较小；当预拉伸量超过15%时，厚板的变形量基本保持在一个稳定值，且该值随预拉伸量的增加而减小。
最后，对于预拉伸-淬火后的厚板进行矫正仿真，结果显示预拉伸后的厚板在矫正时需要的力矩明显减小，即预拉伸可以有效减小矫正的难度。
因此，预拉伸对铝合金淬火厚板变形具有一定的减小作用，适当的预拉伸能够有效减小锅炉的变形量，降低加工难度，提高生产效率，具有一定的应用前景。同时，本文建立的有限元模型也为进一步研究铝合金淬火厚板加工变形提供了方法和思路。
关键词：铝合金淬火厚板，预拉伸，有限元仿真，变形，矫直
Abstract
Withthedevelopmentofindustrialization,aluminumalloyquenchedthickplatehasbeenwidelyusedinaviation,automobile,shipbuildingandotherfields,butitispronetodeformationintheprocessing.Pre-stretchingisacommonlyusedmethodtoreducethedeformationduringquenchingofaluminumalloythickplates.Thispaperexplorestheinfluenceofpre-stretchingondeformationofaluminumalloyquenchedthickplatethroughfiniteelementsimulation.
Firstly,afiniteelementsimulationmodelofpre-stretching-quenching-straighteningofaluminumalloyquenchedthickplatewasestablishedandverified.Theresultsshowedthattheaccuracyofthemodelwashigh.
Secondly,simulationswerecarriedoutfordifferentpre-stretchingamounts,andthedeformationofthethickplateduringquenchingwassimulated.Theresultsshowedthatwiththeincreaseofpre-stretchingamount,thedeformationofthethickplategraduallydecreased,andthedeformationwassmallwhenthepre-stretchingamountwas10%;whenthepre-stretchingamountexceeded15%,thedeformationofthethickplatebasicallyremainedstable,andthevaluedecreasedwiththeincreaseofthepre-stretchingamount.
Finally,thesimulationofstraighteningthethickplateafterpre-stretching-quenchingshowedthatthetorquerequiredforstraighteningthepre-stretchedthickplatewassignificantlyreduced,thatis,pre-stretchingcaneffectivelyreducethedifficultyofstraightening.
Therefore,pre-stretchinghasacertaineffectonreducingthedeformationofaluminumalloyquenchedthickplates.Properpre-stretchingcaneffectivelyreducethedeformationofthickplates,reducethedifficultyofprocessing,andimprovepro