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美国课件3历史市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件.pptx

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AmericanHistoryAimsBeginningPeriodsBefore1492TheEarliestInhabitantsDiscoveryDiscoveryEnglishSettlementsEnglishSettlementsColonialEraColonialEraHighlightsintheBeginningsE.g.1CatholicMaryland TheThirdColonyinAmerica 1.FounderoftheMaryland 2.Thefeudalsystem 3.Influenceofthefeudalsystem MarylandwasfoundedbytheCatholics. GeorgeCalvert LordBaltimoreGeorgeCalvertADocumentofMarylandLordBaltimoreMarylandDecreesinMarylandPoliciesinMarylandE.g.2QuakerPennsylvaniaWilliamPennQuakersQuakersQuakersAmericanBeginningsQuaker’sdoctrine 1.PeoplecouldcommunicatewithGoddirectlybecauseeveryonehadaninnerlightandGodwasineveryone’ssoul. 2.TheybelievedinGodthroughtheirfaith,notthehelpofchurchandpriest. 3.Theirreligiousplaceofworshipcouldbeanywhere. 4.Allwerebornequal.Allwerebrothersandsisters. 5.Peoplewerenotbornsinful.HighlightTheAmericanRevolutionTheWarofIndependence ◇The13AmericancoloniesrevoltedagainsttheirBritishrulersin1775.ThewarbeganonApril19,whenBritishregularsfiredontheMinutemen(militia)ofLexington,Mass. ◇ThefightingendedwiththesurrenderoftheBritishatYorktownonOct.19,1781. ◇GreatBritainsignedaformaltreatyrecognizingtheindependenceofthecolonies. ThebackgroundTheWarofIndependenceTheWarofIndependenceTheWarofIndependenceTheWarofIndependenceTheWarofIndependenceJohnLockeJohnLocke(1632–1704),Englishphilosopher,isconsideredthefirstoftheBritishEmpiricists,equallyimportanttosocialcontracttheory.HeiswidelyregardedasoneofthemostinfluentialEnlightenmentthinkers,classicalrepublicans,andcontributorstoliberaltheory. Locke,rejectinginnateknowledge,believedthatman’sknowledgewasacquiredfromtheexperienceoffivesenses,fromobservationandexperiment,andfromthereflectionbythemind. JohnLocke’sViewpoints Civilgovernmentwasinstitutedbymutualagreementforthepurposeofenforcingnaturallaws. Themostimportantnaturallawwasthatnomanshouldtakeawaythelife,liberty,orpropertyofanother. Thepurposetoestablishagovernmentistoprotectthesenaturallaws.InfluenceoftheEnlightenment TheEnlightenmentinEuropeprovidedthecoloni