271例抗菌药物不良反应分析.docx

271例抗菌药物不良反应分析[摘要]目的分析抗菌药物不良反应（ADR）发生的特点及临床表现为临床合理用药提供参考。方法采用Excel2003软件对山东省立医院2010年上报的271份抗菌药物ADR报告表进行回顾性分析。结果271例ADR共涉及抗菌药物10类41种药品。在不同种类抗菌药中喹诺酮类引起ADR的例数最多为62例（22.88%）其次是头孢菌素类44例（16.23%）和硝咪唑类41例（15.13%）。在不同品种抗菌药物中左氧氟沙星引起ADR的例数最多为43例（15.87%）其次是奥硝唑和阿奇霉素分别为40例（14.76%）和30例（11.07%）。结论医院应加强ADR监测工作为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。[关键词]抗菌药物；药物不良反应；合理用药[中图分类号]R978.1[文献标识码]C[文章编号]1673-7210（2012）01（c）-0128-03Analysisofantimicrobialadversedrugreactionof271casesZHANGMin1FANGYong1XUJiping21.DepartmentofPharmacyBeijingAerospaceGeneralHospitalBeijing100076China;2.DepartmentofPharmacyShandongProvincialHospitalJi'nan250021China[Abstract]ObjectiveToanalyzethecharacteristicsandclinicalmanifestationofantimicrobialadversedrugreaction(ADR)inordertoprovidereferenceforclinicalrationaldrugapplication.Methods271casesofADRswhichwerecausedbyantimicrobialagentsofShandongprovincialhospitalin2010wereanalyzedretrospectivelybyExcel2003software.Results10categories41kindsofantimicrobialdrugswereinvolvedinthetotal271casesofADRs.AmongdifferentcategoriesofantimicrobialtheADRsweremainlyinducedbyQuinolones62cases(22.88%)ofADRswereassociatedwithit;CephalosporinsandNitroimidazoleswerefollowedwhichhad44cases(16.23%)and41casesofADRs(15.13%).AmongdifferentkindsofantimicrobialthegreatestnumberofADRwerecausedbyLevofloxacin43cases(15.87%)wereincluded;OrnidazoleandAzithromycinwerefollowed40cases(14.76%)and30cases(11.07%)wereincludedrespectively.ConclusionThemonitoringofADRsshouldbestrengthenedinhospitalinordertoprovidebasisforclinicalrationalantimicrobialapplication.[Keywords]Antimicrobial;Adversedrugreaction;Rationaldrugapplication抗菌药物是目前医院（尤其是综合性医院）应用最为广泛的药物几乎每个临床科室都会用到因此不可避免地会出现抗菌药物不合理应用现象导致不必要的细菌耐药及药物不良反应（adversedrugreactionADR）延长患者住院时间及医药资源的浪费。据统计抗菌药物的ADR一般占各医院上报