响应面法优化超声波辅助提取葡萄悬浮细胞花色苷.docx

响应面法优化超声波辅助提取葡萄悬浮细胞花色苷
摘要：
本研究旨在优化超声波辅助提取葡萄悬浮细胞花色苷的工艺条件。采用响应面法优化超声波时间、浓度、温度和液固比对花色苷提取率的影响，建立了数学模型，并通过Box-Behnken设计进行拟合和分析。结果表明，最佳工艺条件为超声波时间23.24min，浓度3.35g/L，温度56.76℃，液固比23.45mL/g，此时花色苷的提取率达到了9.89mg/g。本研究提供了一种简单、高效的工艺方法，可用于葡萄花色苷的生产和应用。
关键词：葡萄悬浮细胞，花色苷，响应面法，超声波辅助提取，优化
Introduction
Flavonoidsareagroupofplantsecondarymetabolitesthathavevariouspharmacologicalactivities,includingantioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-cancerandcardiovascularprotectiveeffects(Ningetal.,2016).Grapeisarichsourceofflavonoids,especiallyanthocyanins,whichareresponsibleforthered,blueandpurplecolorintheskinsofgrapesandplayanimportantroleinthehumandietandhealth(Gouvinhasetal.,2019).However,thetraditionalextractionmethodsofgrapeflavonoids,suchasSoxhletextractionandmaceration,aretime-consuming,expensive,andmaycausethermaldegradationandlossofbioactivecompounds(Mocanetal.,2018).Therefore,itisnecessarytoexploreasimple,efficientandenvironmentallyfriendlyextractionmethodtoenhancetheextractionyieldandqualityofgrapeflavonoids.
Ultrasound-assistedextraction(UAE)isapromisingtechnologythathasbeenwidelyusedintheextractionofnaturalproductsbecauseofitsadvantagesoflowenergyconsumption,shortextractiontimeandnoneedfororganicsolvents(Zhangetal.,2020).UAEemploysthecavitationeffectofultrasoundwavestobreakdownthecellwallandreleasetheactivecomponentsfromtheplantmatrixintothesolvent.However,theoptimizationofUAEparametersiscrucialtoobtainthemaximumyieldandqualityofflavonoids(Zhouetal.,2019).Responsesurfacemethodology(RSM)isastatisticalexperimentaldesignmethodthatcaneffectivelyanalyzetheinteractionsamongmultiplefactorsanddeterminetheoptimalconditionsforcomplexprocesses(Wuetal.,2020).Therefore,theRSMwasusedinthisstudytooptimizetheUAEconditionsfortheextractionofgrapesuspensioncellsanthocyanins.
MaterialsandMethods
Materials
GrapesuspensioncellswereobtainedfromtheFruitandVegetableProcessingResearchInstituteofJiangsuAcademyofAgriculturalSciences.HPLC-grademethanolandaceticacidwerepurchasedfromSigma-Aldrich(USA).Standardofmalvidin-3