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基于延长WSN生命周期的LEACH算法的改进.docx

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基于延长WSN生命周期的LEACH算法的改进 Title:ImprovingtheLEACHAlgorithmforExtendingtheLifetimeofWSN Abstract: WirelessSensorNetworks(WSNs)playacrucialroleinvariousapplicationssuchasenvironmentalmonitoring,smartcities,andindustrialautomation.OneofthemajorchallengesinWSNsisthelimitedenergyofsensornodes,whichdominatesthenetworklifespan.TheLowEnergyAdaptiveClusteringHierarchy(LEACH)algorithmisapopularprotocoldesignedtominimizeenergyconsumptionandprolongthenetwork'slifetime.Inthispaper,weproposeseveralimprovementstotheLEACHalgorithmtofurtherextendthelifespanofWSNs. 1.Introduction: WirelessSensorNetworksconsistofnumeroussmallandlow-costsensornodesthatareresponsibleforcollectingandtransmittingdatatoacentralnodeorsink.Duetothelimitedenergyresourcesofthesesensornodes,energyefficiencyisacriticalconcernforthelongevityofWSNs.TheLEACHalgorithm,beingoneofthemostwidelyrecognizedclusteringprotocols,aimstodistributeenergyconsumptionevenlyamongsensornodesbyforminglocalclusters. 2.TheLEACHAlgorithm: TheLEACHalgorithmworksbyorganizingthesensornodesintoclusters,whereinonenodeactsasaclusterhead.Theclusterheadsaggregatethedatafromtheirassociatednodesandtransmitittothebasestation.Byrotatingtheroleofclusterhead,energyconsumptionisdistributeduniformlyacrossthenetwork.However,theLEACHalgorithmfacescertainlimitations,includingthefrequentselectionofweaknodesasclusterheads,leadingtohigh-energyconsumptionandreducingnetworklifespan. 3.ImprovementstotheLEACHAlgorithm: ToovercometheshortcomingsoftheLEACHalgorithmandextendthenetwork'slifespan,thispaperproposesthefollowingimprovements: 3.1EnhancedClusterHeadSelection: Weproposeamorerobustclusterheadselectionmechanismbasedonresidualenergyandnodedistancetothebasestation.Nodeswithhigherremainingenergyandcloserproximitytothebasestationarepreferablechoicesforclusterheadselection.Thismodificationensuresthatsensornodeswithgoodenergylevelsandbetterconnectivityareelectedasclusterheads,resultinginreducedenergyconsumptionandextendednetworklifespan. 3.2AdaptiveClusterFormation: