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双共焦波导回旋行波管高频结构的电磁特性研究（英文）.docx

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双共焦波导回旋行波管高频结构的电磁特性研究（英文） Title:ElectromagneticCharacteristicsofDouble-ConfocalWaveguideTravellingWaveTubesatHighFrequencies Abstract: Double-confocalwaveguidetravellingwavetubes(DCWTWTs)areanessentialcomponentinhigh-frequencycommunicationsystems,providingefficientamplificationandgenerationofelectromagneticwaves.ThispaperpresentsacomprehensivestudyontheelectromagneticcharacteristicsofDCWTWTs,aimingtounderstandtheiroperatingprinciples,analyzekeyparameters,andexplorepotentialimprovementsforfutureapplications. Keywords:double-confocalwaveguide,travellingwavetube,highfrequency,electromagneticcharacteristics. 1.Introduction Double-confocalwaveguidetravellingwavetubes(DCWTWTs)arewidelyusedinhigh-frequencycommunicationsystemsfortheircapabilitytoamplifyandgenerateelectromagneticwaveswithhighpowerandlowdistortion.ThispaperaimstoinvestigatetheelectromagneticcharacteristicsofDCWTWTs,includingtheiroperatingprinciples,structuraldesign,keyparameters,andpotentialimprovements. 2.OperatingPrinciples DCWTWTsoperatebasedontheinteractionbetweenarelativisticelectronbeamandanelectromagneticwavepropagatingthroughadouble-confocalslowwavestructure.Theelectromagneticwavetravelsalongthewaveguide,whiletheelectronbeamisguidedbyaconfiningmagneticfield,leadingtoenergyexchangebetweenthebeamandthewave.Thisinteractionresultsintheamplificationorgenerationoftheelectromagneticwave. 3.StructuralDesign Thehigh-frequencystructureofDCWTWTsconsistsofacylindricalwaveguidewithinnerandouterconductivewalls,separatedbyadielectricguidestructure.Thisguidestructureformsadouble-confocalgeometry,withaninnerradiusslightlysmallerthantheouterradius.Thisdesignenhancestheslowwaveeffectandincreasestheinteractionlengthbetweentheelectronbeamandtheelectromagneticwave. 4.KeyParameters SeveralkeyparametersgreatlyinfluencetheelectromagneticcharacteristicsofDCWTWTs.Oneimportantparameteristheelectronbeamcurrent,whichdeterminesthewaveamplificationorgenerationefficiency.Themagneticfieldstrengthanditsdistributionalsoaffectthewaveguid