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全海深载人潜水器用浮力材料的初步研究(英文) PreliminaryStudyonBuoyancyMaterialsforMannedDeep-SeaSubmersibles Introduction Manneddeep-seasubmersiblesareessentialtoolsforexploringthemysteriesoftheunderwaterworld.Thesetechnologicalmarvelsallowscientistsandresearcherstoreachincredibledepthsintheocean,enablingthemtostudymarinelife,geologicalformations,andecosystems.Onecriticalaspectofconstructingamanneddeep-seasubmersibleisthechoiceofbuoyancymaterials.Thispaperaimstoprovideapreliminarystudyonthedifferentoptionsavailableforbuoyancymaterialsandtheirsuitabilityfordeep-seasubmersibles. BuoyancyMaterials Buoyancymaterialsservetwofundamentalpurposesinmanneddeep-seasubmersibles.Firstly,theyprovidethenecessarylifttoensurethatthesubmersiblemaintainsastableandcontrolledascentanddescent.Secondly,theyplayacrucialroleincontrollingtheoverallweightofthesubmersible,whichaffectsfactorssuchaspowerrequirementsandmaneuverability.Commonlyusedbuoyancymaterialsincludesyntacticfoams,glassmicrospheres,andhollowglassmicrospheres. SyntacticFoams Syntacticfoamsarecompositematerialsformedbyembeddinghollowparticles,suchasglassmicrospheresorceramicspheres,intoapolymermatrix.Thesefoamspossessexcellentbuoyancypropertiesduetothelowdensityofthehollowparticles.Theyarealsohighlycompressible,makingthemsuitablefordeep-seaapplicationswherehighpressuresareencountered.Syntacticfoamsoffergoodstrengthandstiffness,allowingfortheconstructionofrobustsubmersibles.However,theytendtobeheavycomparedtootherbuoyancymaterialsandmayrequireadditionalattentiontoachievethedesiredbuoyancy-to-weightratio. GlassMicrospheres Glassmicrospheres,alsoknownasglassbubbles,aretinyhollowspheresmadeofsoda-limeborosilicateglass.Theyhavealowdensityandareoftenusedindeep-seasubmersiblesduetotheirexcellentbuoyancyproperties.Thethinglasswallsofthesemicrospheresprovidesufficientstrengthtowithstanddeep-seapressures.Glassmicrospheresarelightweightandprovideahighbuoyancy-to-weightratio,makingthemanidealchoiceforreducingtheoverallweightofthesubmersible.However,giventhefra