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酶解木质素的分离与研究进展.docx

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酶解木质素的分离与研究进展 Title:AdvancesintheSeparationandStudyofEnzymaticLigninDegradation Introduction: Ligninisacomplex,aromaticpolymerfoundinplantcellwallsthatprovidesrigidityandmechanicalsupport.Itsstructureactsasabarrierduringthecommonmethodsofbiomassprocessing,makingitasignificantchallengeintheefficientutilizationoflignocellulosicbiomass.Enzymaticdegradationoflignin,orligninolysis,hasgainedincreasingattentioninrecentyearsduetoitspotentialforenvironmentallyfriendlyandsustainableligninvalorization.Thispaperaimstoprovideanoverviewoftheadvancesintheseparationandstudyofenzymaticlignindegradation. 1.Enzymaticapproachesforlignindegradation: Variousenzymesfromfungal,bacterial,andplantsourceshavebeenidentifiedtopossesslignin-degradingcapabilities.Themoststudiedenzymesystemsincludeligninperoxidase(LiP),manganeseperoxidase(MnP),versatileperoxidase(VP),andlaccase.Theseenzymesactinacomplementarymannertoinitiateligninbreakdownviaoxidativereactions,resultinginthecleavageofligninbondsandthereleaseoflow-molecular-weightfragments. 2.Separationmethodsforlignin: Theseparationofligninfrombiomassisacriticalstepinligninolysisresearch.Severalphysicalandchemicalmethodshavebeendevelopedtoisolateligninfromlignocellulosicmaterial,includingorganosolv,alkaline,andacidpretreatments.Amongthesemethods,acetone-basedorganosolvpretreatmenthasgainedconsiderableattentionduetoitsabilitytofractionatebiomassintoitsconstituentswithhighselectivity,resultinginligninwithminimalmodification. 3.Analyticaltechniquesforlignincharacterization: Inrecentyears,significantprogresshasbeenmadeinunderstandingthestructureandpropertiesoflignin.Analyticaltechniquessuchasnuclearmagneticresonance(NMR)spectroscopy,Fourier-transforminfrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,sizeexclusionchromatography(SEC),andpyrolysis-gaschromatography-massspectrometry(Py-GC-MS)havebeenemployedtoelucidatethestructuralfeatures,functionalgroups,molecularweightdistribution,andthermalstabilityofligninsamples.Thesetechniquesprovidevaluableinsightsintolignincomposition,i