阅读理解：归纳概括题的解题技巧.doc

阅读理解：归纳概括题的解题技巧
【要点概述】
主旨大意题属于全局性的问题，通常就是文章的标题、要点、主题等。归纳概括中心主旨的题目是高考必考题目，考查考生通过阅读理解，总结归纳，找出文章中心意思的能力。要做好这类题目必须区分主要信息和次要信息；既要看到树木，更要看到森林；要跳出一词一句，俯瞰全文；要通读全文，通篇理解。找出主题句(topicsentence)是一个有效的方法。常见的命题形式有：
Themainpointofthepassageis__________．
Thepassagemainlydealswith__________．
Thepassageisabout_________．
Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
Whatistheauthor’Smainpurpose?
Whichofthefollowingsentencesbeststatesthesubjectofthispassage?
Thebesttitleforthispassageis__________．
Agoodtitleforthispassagewouldbe__________．
归纳概括题备考锦囊：
1．文章的首句。因为文章的首句是文章的导入，点明作者写文章的意图、背景等。
2．每段的第一句和最后一句。因为每段的第一句实际上多半是每段的主题句，然后进行陈述或论述，逐步展开，给予例证，最后把该段内容用一句话来小结，所以每段的最后一个句子常常是该段的结论句。
3．全文的最后一句往往是整篇文章的结论或作者写这篇文章的用意所在。
4．重点阅读那些观点性、归纳性、概括性较强的句子，特别是“信息词”(如：inaword，asaresult，finally，inshort，buthowever，inconclusion，inbrief，insummary)引起的句子。
【体验高考】(2008湖北卷)
Onemorningafewyearsago，HarvardPresidentNeilRudenstineoverslept．Forthisbusyman,itwasasortofalarm：afteryearsofnon-stophardwork，hemightwearhimselfoutanddieanearlydeath．
Onlyafteraweek’sleave-duringwhichhereadnovels，listenedtomusicandwalkedwithhis
wifeonabeach—wasRudenstineabletoreturntowork．
Inourmodernlire，wehavelosttherhythmbetweenactionandrest．Amazingly，withinthis
worldthereisauniversalbutsillysaying：“Iamsobusy．”
Wesaythistooneanotherasifourtirelesseffortswereatalentbynatureandanabilitytosuccessfullydealwithstress．Thebusierweare，themoreimportantweseemtoourselvesand，weimagine，toothers．Tobeunavailabletoourfriendsandfamily，andtobeunabletofindtimetorelax—thishasbecomethemodelofasuccessfullire．
Becausewedonorest，we10seourway．WemisstheguidetellingUSwheretogo，thefood
providinguswithstrength，thequietgivinguswisdom．
Howhaveweallowedthistohappen?Ibelieveitisthis：wehaveforgottentheSabbath，thedayoftheweek—forfollowersofsomereligions--forrestandpraying．Itisadaywhenwearenotsupposedtowork，atimewhenwedevoteourselvestoenjoyingandcelebratingwhatisbeautiful．Itisagoodtimetoblessourchildrenandlovedones，givethanks，sharemeals，walkandsleep．Itisatimeforustotakearest，toputourworkaside，t