Kirchhoff型偏移反偏移串联地震数据炮检距转换技术.docx

Kirchhoff型偏移反偏移串联地震数据炮检距转换技术
摘要：
本文主要介绍Kirchhoff型偏移反偏移串联地震数据炮检距转换技术的原理、方法和应用。首先，对于地震数据的反演成像，在炮检距（CDP）方向的转换是非常关键的一步。在地震勘探中，常用的炮检距转换技术有前后偏移法、后偏移法和Kirchhoff型偏移反偏移串联法等。其中Kirchhoff型偏移反偏移串联技术的思路是首先进行正常的共中心点道集叠加，然后通过偏移反偏移操作实现共偏移道集叠加，最后再利用Kirchhoff偏移算法进行图像重构。这种技术具有计算方便、速度快、成像精度高等优点，已经成为地震数据处理中不可或缺的技术手段。最后，本文详细介绍了Kirchhoff型偏移反偏移串联地震数据炮检距转换技术的理论基础、实现方法以及应用实例。通过对实际地震数据的处理，验证了该技术的可行性和有效性。
关键词：Kirchhoff型偏移反偏移串联技术、炮检距转换、地震数据、地震勘探、图像重构
Introduction:
Seismicexplorationisanimportantmethodforobtainingsubsurfacestructureandoilandgasresources.Theinversionimagingofseismicdataisakeystepinseismicexploration,andtheconversionofshot-pointgather(SP)tocommondepthpoint(CDP)isanimportantprocessininversionimaging.Inseismicexploration,commonlyusedtechniquesforconvertingshot-pointgatherstocommondepthpointincludesthepre-stackmigration,post-stackmigrationandtheKirchhoff-typemigrationanti-migrationseries.Amongthem,theKirchhoff-typemigrationanti-migrationseriestechniqueisaneffectivemethodtoconvertshot-pointgatherstocommondepthpoint.
TheKirchhoff-typemigrationanti-migrationseriestechniqueisbasedontheprincipleofKirchhoffmigration.Theideaofthemethodistoachievecommonmigrationstackbyaddingthedataofthesamereflectingpointobtainedfromthetwodirectionsoftheforwardandinversemigrationwiththesameoffset.Thecombinationofforwardandinversemigrationmakesthemigrationimageofthereflectingpointmoreaccurate,andeffectivelysolvestheproblemofnoisyreflectionwaveformsintheseismicimage.TheKirchhoff-typemigrationanti-migrationseriestechniquehastheadvantagesofsimplecalculation,highefficiencyandhighimagingprecision,andhasbecomeanindispensabletechnicalmeansinseismicdataprocessing.
Method:
TheKirchhoff-typemigrationanti-migrationseriestechniqueincludestwosteps:theKirchhoffmigrationandtheKirchhoff-typemigrationanti-migrationseriesmethod.TheprincipleoftheKirchhoffmigrationistoperformaFouriertransformoftheseismicdata,followedbyaKirchhoffintegrationthroughthewaveequationinfrequencydomaintoobtaintheseismicimagingsections.TheKirchhoff-typemi