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金纳米颗粒组装体基于SPR的光学性质.docx

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金纳米颗粒组装体基于SPR的光学性质 Introduction Nanoparticlesarematerialsthathaveatleastonedimensioninthenanometerrange,typicallyrangingfrom1to100nanometers.Metallicnanoparticles,inparticular,haveuniqueopticalandelectricalproperties,largelyasaresultoftheirsmallsize.Whengoldnanoparticles(GNPs)areformed,theyexhibitafeatureknownasthelocalizedsurfaceplasmonresonance(LSPR),whichallowsforeasymanipulationoftheGNPs’opticalpropertiessimplybyalteringtheirsizeandshape. Inthispaper,wewilldescribetheopticalpropertiesofgoldnanoparticlesastheyrelatetotheirassembly,focusingonhowtheirsurfaceplasmonresonance(SPR)isaffectedbytheinterparticledistanceinassembledstructures. LocalizedSurfacePlasmonResonance ThephenomenonofLSPRisobservedinmetallicparticlesonthenanoscale,includingGNPs,andappearsasasharp,characteristicabsorbancepeakinthevisibletonear-infraredrangeoftheelectromagneticspectrum.Forgoldnanoparticles,thisSPRpeakoccursbetween500–600nm.Itistheresultofcollectiveoscillationofthefreeelectronsinthenanoparticle’smetalsurface,whichgeneratesanelectricfieldthatradiatesoutwardfromthesurfaceandinteractswithlight.TheLSPRpeak’sproperties,includingitsposition,shape,andintensity,dependupontheGNPs’size,shape,andlocalenvironment. AssemblyofGoldNanoparticles GNPsassemblieshavebeenwidelystudiedastheyhavearangeofapplicationsinfieldssuchassensingandcatalysis.Nanoparticleassemblyentailscontrollingtheinterparticledistance,orientation,andorder.SincetheLSPRpropertiesofGNPsarehighlydependentonsizeandshape,theyplayanimportantroleintheassemblyprocess. Onemethodofassemblyisbyself-assembly.Self-assembledGNPmonolayerscanbecreatedviatheLangmuir-Blodgett(LB)technique.Inthisapproach,GNPsaredispersedinanorganicsolvent,thentransferredontoawatersurface,wheretheyformamonolayer.Theinterparticledistanceinthemonolayercanbecontrolledusingsize-selectionorDNA-linkageoftheGNPs. ColloidallithographyisanothermethodofassemblingGNPs.ThistechniqueinvolvesthedepositionofGNPsontoasubstrateusingamonolayerofmicro-ornanospheresthatactsasatemplatefort