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替代词it,that,one(s),those用法区别【学习目标】 为了避免重复,it,that,one(s),those都可用来代替上文出现的名词,但它们的用法不同。现在来区别。【知识概括】用法1.it代替的是前面提到的同一名称的同一事物,即同名同物。所代替的名词可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词。如: Thename"whitewater"comesfromthefactthatthewaterinthesestreamsandriverslookswhitewhenitmovesquickly.(it代替不可数名词water) Andtoday,ifyougotoSaltLakeCity,youcanseeamountainwithseagullsontopofit.(it代替可数名词mountain) I'dliketolookatthatatlas.MayIborrowit?(it代替可数名词atlas)区别II.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a/an+名词;that为特指,相当于the+名词。所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为a/an/some/any;that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the/this/that。 Achairmadeofsteelisstrongerthanonemadeofwood.(该句中one可以换成achair) Thewaterinthecupishotterthanthatinthepot.(该句中that可以换成thewater)III.one只能代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用ones;that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用those。 Ilikethispenmorethanthatone.(one代替可数名词单数pen) Therewereafewyoungpeopleandsomeolderonesinthehouse.(ones代替可数名词复数people) Mary'shandwritingisfarbetterthanthatofPeter.(that代替不可数名词handwriting) Thesepicturesaremorebeautifulthanthose.(those代替可数名词复数pictures)IV.one既可代替事物,也可代替人,that只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用theone或theones代替that或those。 Theone/Thatonthetableismine.(该句中Theone代替事物,并且也可以用That) Heistheteacher,theonewhoislovedbythestudents.(该句中theone代替人,不能用that) Headvisedthefarmerstochoosethebestseed-heads,theones/thosethathadthebestcolor.(该句中theones代替事物,并且也可以用those)V.one一般有前置修饰语,有时也可有后置修饰语或不用修饰语。而that不能有前置修饰语,但可有后置修饰语。 Cookwasastrictbutgoodcaptain,onewhotookgoodcareofhissailors. Thewaterinthewelliscleanerthanthatintheriver.VI.it可以替代句中的不定式或从句等,充当形式主语或形式宾语。one与that均无此用法。 Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth. Ifoundithardtogetonwithher. VII.it与that均可以替代上文全句的内容或部分内容,而one/ones则不可以。 Hehassavedmylife;I'llneverforgetit.(it代替第一分句) Tomispaintinghishouse.Iamtoldhedoesiteveryfouryears.(it代替前面分句的部分内容paintinghishouse) Let'ssaywemeethereatthreeo'clock.Thatoughttogiveyoutimetobuyeverything.(That代替前面表述的内容)MrZhanggavethetextbookstoallthepupilsexcept_____whohadalreadytakenthem.A.theonesB.onesC.someD.theothers2.Ifind_____easyenoughtogetonwithPam.A.thatB.th