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Whythepoorhasfallenbehindtherich.doc

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JurongChen WhyHaveThePoorFallenFarBehind? JurongChen 208669 Class:2902Level6 Instructor:GarySimon Whythepoorhavefallenfarbehindtherich? Thereisabigargumentforglobalization.Whereassomepeopleandcountriesbelieveitoffersanopportunitytothepoortocatchupwiththerich,othersthinkthatglobalizationjustmakespoorcountriesbecomevassalsofdevelopedcountries.Whatisthetruth?Tofindthetrueeffectsofglobalizationonthepoor,firstly,thisarticlewillusesomestatisticsfromtheUnitedNationstoshowthedifferencesbetweenthewealthyandthepoor.Then,itwillselectAfricaasanexampleandusethebookwrittenbyIsaak,theHenryGeorgeProfessoroftheInternationalManagement,toexplainthreereasonswhythepoorhavefallenbehindtherich.Finally,thearticlewillgivesomesuggestionsforAfrica.Throughananalysisofthesethreepoints,thiseasywillsupportthenotionthatglobalizationisanunfairopportunityforsomecountries. Thewealthybecomewealthier,andthepoorgetpoorer.In2006,theNorwegianGDPpercapitawas$51,862,buttheGDPpercapitainCongo(DemocraticRepublicofthe)was$281.Whentherichhave1000timesormoreinincomethantheyneedtomeettheneedsoftheirlife(Isaak,2005,p47),therearemorethanthreebillionpeople,halfoftheworld’spopulation,livingonlessthantwopointfivedollarsaday(Shah,2007).AsShahreported,theamountoftheGDPoftherichestcountrywas44timesthatofthepoorestin1973,and,by1992,theGDPoftherichestcountrywas72timesasmuchthepoorestone(2009).In1998,whiletheEuropeansandAmericansspent$12billiononperfumes,thecostofwaterandsanitationforalldevelopingcountriesjustwas$6billion(Shah,2009).TheAmericanswereafraidofgettingcorpulent,but,intheworld,963millionpeoplewhicharethreetimesmorepeoplethantheU.S.,donothaveenoughtoeat(Numberofhungrypeople,2008).Thedevelopmentoftheworldislopsided.Therichgetricher,butthepoorlagfarbehind. DuetothelowlevelofeducationinAfrica,globalizationhassuppliedanunfairchancetoAfricaandputAfricaatadisadvantageinglobalization.In2006,theadultliteracyrateandthecombinedgrossenrolmentratioineducationinSub-SaharanAfricawere62.1%and50.3%,buttheywere99