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多轴疲劳寿命预测方法 Abstract Inrecentyears,theuseofmulti-axisloadconditionsinengineeringdesignhasbecomeincreasinglywidespread.Thishasledtotheneedforaccuratepredictionofthefatiguelifeofcomponentsthataresubjectedtosuchloading.Thepresentpaperintroducesseveralmethodsforpredictingthefatiguelifeofcomponentsundermulti-axisloadconditions.Thesemethodsincludethecriticalplaneapproach,theprincipleofmaximumnormalstress,stress-basedmultiaxialfatiguecriteria,andstrain-basedmultiaxialfatiguecriteria.Theadvantagesanddrawbacksofeachmethodarediscussed,highlightingtheimportanceofusinganappropriatemethodforagivenapplication. Introduction Manyengineeringcomponentsaresubjectedtomulti-axisloadconditionsduringtheirservicelifetime.Theseloadconditionscanbecausedbyvariousfactors,suchasmechanicalandthermalloads,andtheycanleadtofatiguefailureofthecomponents.Athoroughunderstandingofthemulti-axisfatiguebehaviorofmaterialsandstructuresiscriticalforthedesignofreliablecomponentsinvariousindustries,suchasaerospace,automotive,andenergy. Thefatiguelifepredictionofcomponentsundermulti-axisloadingisachallengingtaskduetothecomplexityoftheproblem.Theproblemarisesfromthefactthatthestressandstrainstatesatanygivenpointinthematerialarethree-dimensional.Therefore,simpleuni-axialfatiguecriteriaareinsufficienttoaccuratelypredictthefatiguelifeofcomponentsundermulti-axisloadconditions. Thepresentpaperintroducesseveralmethodsforpredictingthefatiguelifeofcomponentsundermulti-axisloadconditionsandcomparestheirstrengthsandweaknesses. CriticalPlaneApproach Thecriticalplaneapproachisawidelyusedmethodforpredictingthefatiguelifeofcomponentsundermulti-axisloading.Themethodisbasedontheobservationthatfatiguedamageoccursmainlyonaspecificplaneinthematerial,whichisknownasthecriticalplane. Thecriticalplaneisdefinedastheplaneonwhichthenormalstresscomponentismaximum.Theprinciplebehindthecriticalplaneapproachisthatthefatiguedamageaccumulationisproportionaltotheorientationofthecriticalplanewithrespecttotheappliedloadpath.Therefore,byidentifyin