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FGF23、Klotho蛋白对退行性心脏瓣膜病的影响及相关危险因素分析 Introduction Degenerativeheartvalvedisease(DHVD)isacommoncardiovasculardiseasethatgenerallyaffectselderlyindividuals.Itisassociatedwithvariousanatomicalandfunctionalchangesinheartvalves.DHVDisoftencharacterizedbyvalvesclerosisandcalcification,leadingtoleafletstiffness,calcificdeposits,andvalvestenosis.DHVDisaprogressivediseasewithsymptomsthatincludedyspnea,fatigue,andsyncope.ThemajorvalvediseasesinDHVDincludeaorticstenosisandmitralregurgitation.Despitebeingaprevalentcondition,theetiologyandpathogenesisofDHVDremainnotentirelyunderstood. Fibroblastgrowthfactor23(FGF23)andKlothoproteinaretwokeyregulatorsinmineralmetabolism,whicharemainlyexpressedinthekidney.RecentstudieshavesuggestedapotentiallinkbetweenFGF23,Klotho,andDHVD.However,thepreciseroleandmechanismofFGF23andKlothoinDHVDpathogenesisremainednotentirelyelucidated.ThisreviewaimstoexploretheimpactofFGF23,KlothoproteinonDHVD,andrelatedriskfactors. FGF23andDHVD FGF23isahormonethatregulatesphosphatehomeostasis,whichisproducedbyosteocytesandosteoblastsinresponsetoincreasedserumlevelsofphosphateandvitaminD.FGF23actsbysuppressingtheproductionof1,25(OH)2D3andincreasingrenalphosphaturia.FGF23levelsincreaseprogressivelyinpatientswithDHVD,particularlyinthosewithaorticstenosis.SeveralstudieshavesuggestedthatFGF23mayplayasignificantroleinthepathogenesisandprogressionofDHVD. FGF23inducesleftventricularhypertrophybyactivatingtherenin-angiotensinsystemandincreasingoxidativestress.Italsocausesmyocardialfibrosisandincreasescardiacstiffness.FGF23-mediatedhypertensioncontributestoDHVDbyincreasingventricularafterloadandpromotingmyocardialdysfunction.Moreover,FGF23promotesthedifferentiationofvalvularcellsintoosteoblast-likecells,leadingtovalvecalcificationandstenosis. SeveralstudieshavealsosuggestedapotentialassociationbetweenFGF23andDHVDseverity.ThelevelsofFGF23arepositivelycorrelatedwiththeseverityofvalvecalcificationandstenosisinpatientswithaorticstenosis.Furthermore,highFGF23levelsareanindepende