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苜蓿盲蝽性信息素受体的鉴定与功能分化 Title:IdentificationandFunctionalDifferentiationofLucerneBlisterBeetleSexPheromoneReceptors Abstract: Insectsusesexpheromonesaschemicalsignalstolocateandattractmates.Theidentificationandcharacterizationofsexpheromonereceptorsarecrucialforunderstandingtheunderlyingmolecularmechanismscontrollingmateselectionandreproduction.Thisreviewfocusesontheidentificationandfunctionaldifferentiationofsexpheromonereceptorsinthelucerneblisterbeetle(Meloidae),specificallythespeciesMeloefranciscanus. Introduction: Thelucerneblisterbeetle,Meloefranciscanus,isamemberofthefamilyMeloidae,knownfortheirproductionofpotentsexpheromones.Theuniquebiologyandroleofsexpheromonesinthesebeetlesmakethemanexcellentmodelsystemforstudyingthemechanismsunderlyingpheromonecommunication. IdentificationofSexPheromoneReceptors: Theidentificationofsexpheromonereceptorsininsectshasbeengreatlyfacilitatedbyrecentadvancesingenomicandtranscriptomicsequencing.Transcriptomicanalysisofantennae,themainolfactoryorgansofinsects,hasrevealedanumberofcandidatechemosensoryreceptorgenes.Byconductingfunctionalexpressionstudiesinheterologoussystems,suchasXenopusoocytesorHEK293cells,researchershavebeenabletoidentifyspecificreceptorsthatrespondtosexpheromonecomponents. InthecaseofMeloefranciscanus,severalcandidatesexpheromonereceptorshavebeenidentifiedusingthisapproach.Thesereceptorsbelongtoaspecificclassofchemosensoryreceptorgenesknownasodorantreceptors(ORs).Theexactligandsrecognizedbythesereceptorsarestillbeinginvestigated,butitisbelievedthattheyrespondtospecificpheromonecomponentsreleasedbyfemales. FunctionalDifferentiationofSexPheromoneReceptors: Functionaldifferentiationofsexpheromonereceptorsinvolvesunderstandingthespecificrolestheyplayinpheromonedetectionandmateselection.Relyingonacombinationofbehavioralexperimentsandreceptorknockoutstudies,researchershavebeguntounravelthefunctionalsignificanceofthesereceptors. InMeloefranciscanus,ithasbeenshownthatsilencingtheexpressionofspecificsexpheromonereceptorsdis