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玉米籽粒镉积累性状的全基因组关联分析.docx

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玉米籽粒镉积累性状的全基因组关联分析 Title:Genome-WideAssociationAnalysisofCadmiumAccumulationTraitsinMaizeKernels Introduction: Cadmium(Cd)isahighlytoxicheavymetalthatcanaccumulateinagriculturalcrops,posingaseverethreattohumanhealththroughfoodconsumption.Amongcereals,maize(Zeamays)isoneofthemostimportantstaplecropsworldwideandisoftensubjectedtoCdcontamination.UnderstandingthegeneticbasisofCdaccumulationinmaizekernelsiscriticalforthedevelopmentoflow-Cdmaizevarietiesthroughbreedingprograms. Genome-WideAssociationStudies(GWAS): Genome-WideAssociationStudieshaveemergedasapowerfultoolforunravelingthegeneticvariantsresponsibleforcomplextraitsbyutilizingmillionsofSingleNucleotidePolymorphisms(SNPs)acrossthegenome.GWAShasbeensuccessfullyappliedtoseveralcrops,butnocomprehensivestudyhasbeenconductedformaizeregardingCdaccumulationinthekernels. Methods: Inthisstudy,weperformedaGWAStoidentifythegenomicregionsassociatedwithCdaccumulationtraitsinmaizekernels.Weutilizedadiversepanelofmaizegermplasm,includingbothlandracesandimprovedlines,tocapturethegeneticvariabilitypresentinthemaizepopulation.ThemaizekernelsweresubjectedtoCdanalysisusingatomicabsorptionspectrometry. GenotypingandStatisticalAnalysis: Genotypingwasperformedusinghigh-densitySNParraysspecificallydesignedformaize.Qualitycontrolmeasuresincludingallelefrequency,missingdata,andHardy-Weinbergequilibriumwereassessed.Associationanalysiswasperformedusingamixedlinearmodel,accountingforpopulationstructureandkinshiptominimizefalsepositives. Results: OurGWASresultsidentifiedseveralsignificantSNPsassociatedwithCdaccumulationtraitsinmaizekernels.TheseSNPsweredistributedacrossmultiplechromosomesandencompassedseveralcandidategenesthatareinvolvedinmetaltransport,uptake,anddetoxificationprocesses.Someoftheidentifiedgenesincludedmembersofthemetaltransporterfamily(ZIPs,NRAMPs),cationtransporters(HMA),andglutathioneS-transferases(GSTs),whichareknowntoplayacrucialroleinCdaccumulationandtolerance. Discussion: TheidentificationofSNPsandcandidategenesassociat