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渤海海域大型底栖动物群落及多样性研究(英文) ResearchonBenthicAnimalCommunitiesandDiversityintheBohaiSea Introduction: TheBohaiSeaisthelargestsemi-enclosedseainChinaandplaysacrucialroleintheecologicalandeconomicdevelopmentofthesurroundingregion.Thebenthicecosystem,whichreferstotheseafloorandalltheorganismsthatliveonorinit,isanimportantpartoftheBohaiSeaecosystem.ThispaperfocusesonthestudyoflargebenthicanimalcommunitiesandtheirdiversityintheBohaiSea. BenthicAnimalCommunities: ThebenthicanimalcommunityintheBohaiSeaiscomplexanddiverse,andincludesawiderangeoforganismssuchaspolychaetes,bivalves,crustaceans,echinoderms,andfish.Theseorganismsplayimportantrolesintheecosystem,suchasprovidingfoodforotherorganisms,cyclingnutrients,andmaintainingthehealthofthesediment. PolychaetesarethemostdiverseandabundantgroupofbenthicanimalsintheBohaiSea.Theyareworm-likecreatureswithbristlesontheirbodyandliveintubesburiedinthesedimentoronthesurfaceofsediments.Bivalves,suchasclamsandoysters,arealsocommonintheBohaiSeaandplayanimportantroleinthenutrientcyclingprocess. Crustaceans,suchascrabsandshrimps,areabundantintheBohaiSea.Theyareimportantpredatorsandscavengers,andcanalsoplayaroleinthenutrientcyclingprocess.Echinoderms,suchasstarfishandseaurchins,arealsocommonintheBohaiSeaandareimportantmembersofthebenthiccommunity. Fisharealsoanimportantcomponentofthebenthicecosystem,astheyfeedonotherbenthicanimalsandplayaroleinthefoodweb.However,duetooverfishingandhabitatdestruction,manyfishspecieshavedeclinedintheBohaiSeainrecentdecades. BenthicAnimalDiversity: ThebenthicanimaldiversityintheBohaiSeaisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,includinghabitattype,sedimentcharacteristics,watertemperature,andsalinity.Thediversityofbenthicanimalsishigherinareaswithmoderatewatertemperaturesandsalinitylevels,andinareaswithmorediversesedimenttypes. PolychaetesarethemostdiversegroupofbenthicanimalsintheBohaiSea,withover200species.Bivalvesandcrustaceansarealsodiverse,withover100specieseach.Echinodermsarelessdiverse,withonlyaround50species. Thediver