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智能材料形状记忆合金研究进展（英文）.docx

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智能材料形状记忆合金研究进展（英文） ResearchProgressofShapeMemoryAlloyinIntelligentMaterials Shapememoryalloys(SMAs)areakindofintelligentmaterialsthatcanremembertheiroriginalshapeandreturntoitafterundergoingatemperaturechangeorotherstimulus.TheuniquepropertiesofSMAsmakethemwidelyusedinvariousfields,includingmedicine,aerospace,andmilitary.Inthispaper,wesummarizetheresearchprogressofSMAsandtheirpotentialapplicationsinthefuture. 1.Introduction SMAsareaclassofmetallicmaterialsthathaveauniquepropertyofshapememoryeffect(SME)andsuperelasticity.TheSMEreferstothatthealloycanmemorizeapre-deformedshapeandrecoverittotheoriginalshapeundercertainstimuli,suchasheat,light,magneticfield,andstress.Thesuperelasticityreferstothatthealloycanundergolargedeformationandrecovernearly100%strainuponunloading. 2.PropertiesandMechanisms SMAsarebasedonintermetalliccompoundsofnickelandtitanium,whichformasolidsolutionundercertainproportions.ThemostcommontypeofSMAsisNitinol(NiTi)alloy.SMAshavevariousphysicalproperties,includinghighmeltingpoint,excellentcorrosionresistance,highstrength/weightratio,andoutstandingfatigueresistance.ThetwomostessentialbehaviorsofSMAs,SMEandsuperelasticity,arerelatedtothemartensitictransformation,whichisacrystallographicphasechangeoccurringinalloysatspecifictemperatures.Themartensitictransformationcanproducespontaneousdeformationandgeneraterecoverablestrain.Themechanismsofmartensitictransformationandsuperelasticityarewellstudiedthroughexperimentalandtheoreticalapproaches. 3.ApplicationsinMedicine SMAshavebeenwidelyusedinbiomedicalapplicationsduetotheirbiocompatibility,mechanicalcompatibility,anduniqueproperties.Forinstance,SMAstentscanbeinsertedintothehumanbodywithasmallincision,thenheatedtorecovertheiroriginalshape,expandingthebloodvesseltorelieveablockage.SMAorthodonticwiresanddentalarchescangraduallyapplyforcestoteeth,facilitatingtheiralignment.SMAsuturescandissolveinthebodywhilemaintainingtheirstrength,avoidingtheneedforsurgicalremoval.SMA-basedartificialmusclescanmimichumanmusclesan