预览加载中，请您耐心等待几秒...

教育不平等与生育率——基于中国省级面板数据的研究.docx

预览
1/4
2/4
3/4
4/4

在线预览结束，喜欢就下载吧，查找使用更方便

下载提示 文本预览

如果您无法下载资料，请参考说明：

1、部分资料下载需要金币，请确保您的账户上有足够的金币

2、已购买过的文档，再次下载不重复扣费

3、资料包下载后请先用软件解压，在使用对应软件打开

教育不平等与生育率——基于中国省级面板数据的研究 摘要 本文旨在研究教育不平等对于生育率的影响。我们收集了中国省级面板数据进行实证分析，结果显示，教育不平等显著地负向影响生育率。具体而言，教育不平等对于低教育水平女性的影响更加显著。进一步的分析表明，教育不平等通过影响家庭支持和妇女就业机会来影响生育率。为了提高生育率，政府应该采取措施缩小教育不平等，在支持家庭方面提供更多的资源和服务。 关键词：教育不平等；生育率；女性教育；家庭支持 Introduction Chinaisoneofthecountrieswiththelowestbirthratesintheworld.Withtheimplementationoftheone-childpolicyin1979,thebirthrateinChinahascontinuedtodecline.However,asChina'spopulationages,itisfacingaseveredemographiccrisis.Inrecentyears,theChinesegovernmenthasadoptedaseriesofmeasurestoencouragefertility,suchasdelayingretirementageandrelaxingthefamilyplanningpolicy.However,thesuccessofthesemeasuresislimited.Todealwiththedemographiccrisis,itisnecessarytounderstandthefactorsthataffectfertility. Educationisanimportantfactorthataffectsfertility.Previousstudieshavefoundthateducationhasapositiveeffectonfertility.However,therearealsomanystudiesthatsuggestthateducationhasanegativeeffectonfertility.Educationinequalityisaproblemthatexistsinmanycountries,includingChina.GiventheimportanceofeducationinfertilityandtheexistenceofeducationinequalityinChina,itisnecessarytoexploretheimpactofeducationinequalityonfertilityinChina. LiteratureReview EducationInequalityandFertility Educationinequalityisacommonprobleminmanycountries.Educationinequalitymaynotonlyaffectindividuals'opportunitiesforeducationandemployment,butalsoaffecttheirfertility.Previousstudieshavefoundthateducationinequalityhasanegativeeffectonfertility(Aizenman&Noy,2007;Falcão&Fernandes,2018).Educationinequalitymayleadtoashortageoffemaleeducationandemploymentopportunities,whichmayleadtoadecreaseinfertility. EducationandFertility Therelationshipbetweeneducationandfertilityiscomplex.Previousstudieshavefoundthateducationhasapositiveeffectonfertility(Becker,1960;Heatonetal.,1999).Highlyeducatedwomentendtohavemorechildrenthanlesseducatedwomen.However,therearealsomanystudiesthatsuggestthateducationhasanegativeeffectonfertility(Carmichael&Whalley,1995;Bosco&Rosina,2005).Highlyeducatedwomentendtohavefewerchildre