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运用光遗传学技术在神经环路水平促进外侧杏仁核缺血性中风后功能恢复的分子机制.docx

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运用光遗传学技术在神经环路水平促进外侧杏仁核缺血性中风后功能恢复的分子机制 Title:Molecularmechanismsunderlyingthepromotionoffunctionalrecoveryafterischemicstrokeinthelateralamygdalathroughoptogenetictechniques Abstract: Ischemicstrokeisamajorcauseofmortalityandmorbidityworldwide,oftenleadingtolong-termdisabilitiesandimpairments.Onebrainregionthatissignificantlyaffectedbyischemicstrokeisthelateralamygdala,whichplaysakeyroleinemotionalprocessingandmemoryformation.Inrecentyears,optogenetictechniqueshaveemergedaspromisingtoolsinneuroscienceresearch,allowingforprecisemanipulationofneuralcircuitryandmodulationofneuronalactivity.Thisreviewaimstoexplorethemolecularmechanismsunderlyingthepromotionoffunctionalrecoveryinthelateralamygdalafollowingischemicstrokeusingoptogenetictechniques.Wediscussthepotentialofoptogeneticsinregulatingneuronalactivity,enhancingsynapticplasticity,andpromotingneurovascularremodeling.Furthermore,wehighlighttheroleofvariousmolecularsignalingpathways,suchasbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactor(BDNF),N-methyl-D-aspartatereceptors(NMDARs),andvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF),inmediatingthebeneficialeffectsofoptogeneticintervention.Understandingthesemechanismswillnotonlyshedlightonthepathophysiologyofischemicstrokebutalsoprovidenoveltherapeuticstrategiesforpromotingfunctionalrecoveryinpatients. Introduction: Ischemicstrokeischaracterizedbythedisruptionofbloodflowtothebrain,resultinginneuronaldeathandimpairedneuralcircuitry.Thelateralamygdalaisparticularlyvulnerabletoischemicinsultduetoitsrichvascularizationandhighenergydemands.Dysfunctioninthelateralamygdalafollowingischemicstrokeoftenleadstoemotionaldisturbances,cognitiveimpairments,andmemorydeficits.Therefore,promotingfunctionalrecoveryinthisregioniscrucialforrestoringnormalemotionalandcognitivefunctioninstrokepatients. Optogenetictechniquesofferunprecedentedprecisionandcontrolinmanipulatingneuralactivity,allowingresearcherstoselectivelyactivateorinhibitspecificpopulationsofneurons.Byusinglight-sensitiveproteinssuchaschannelrhodopsin-2(ChR