CPT1基因对猪脂肪沉积的影响及其调控机制的研究.docx

CPT1基因对猪脂肪沉积的影响及其调控机制的研究
摘要：
本文主要针对CPT1基因对猪脂肪沉积的影响及其调控机制进行了探究。首先简要介绍了CPT1的生物学功能和研究背景，随后阐述了CPT1基因与猪脂肪沉积的相关性，包括对瘦肉率、背膘厚度和脂肪组织含量的影响等。最后，重点探究了CPT1基因表达的调控机制，包括转录因子、miRNA和甲基化等方面。综上所述，CPT1基因在猪脂肪沉积中具有重要的调控作用，其对于猪肉品质和生产效益的提高具有重要应用价值。
关键词：CPT1基因；猪；脂肪沉积；调控机制
Introduction
Carnitinepalmitoyltransferase1(CPT1)isakeyenzymeregulatedbymitochondrialβ-oxidationoffattyacids,whichcatalyzesthetransferoflong-chainfattyacidsfromthecytoplasmintothemitochondriaforsubsequentoxidation(McGarryandBrown,1997).CPT1hasbeenextensivelystudiedinvariousspecies,includinghumans,mice,andrats,anditsroleinlipidmetabolismhasbeenwellestablished.Inrecentyears,therehasbeengrowinginterestinthefunctionofCPT1geneinpigs,particularlywithregardtoitsinfluenceonfatdeposition.ThispaperwillsummarizethecurrentunderstandingoftheroleofCPT1intheregulationofadiposetissuedepositioninpigs,aswellasthemechanismsunderlyingitsregulation.
CPT1andPigFatDeposition
Pigsareimportanteconomicanimals,whosemeatiswidelyconsumedbypeopleallovertheworld.Atthesametime,pigfatdepositionnotonlyhasanegativeimpactonmeatquality,butalsoimpairsthehealthofpigs.Recently,researchershavebecomeincreasinglyinterestedintheroleofCPT1inregulatingpigadiposetissuedeposition.StudieshaveshownthattheexpressionlevelofCPT1Aintheliverandmuscleisnegativelycorrelatedwiththefatdepositioninpigs,andthattheCPT1Bgeneinpigsisalsorelatedtothelipidmetabolism(Heetal.,2016).Moreover,CPT1-deficientpigsexhibitedincreasedadiposetissuedepositionandreducedleanmeatcontentcomparedtowild-typepigs(Gaoetal.,2017).Interestingly,arecentstudyfoundthatmutationoftheCPT1genecanincreasetheleanmeatcontentofpigsby3-4%andreducethebackfatthicknesswithoutaffectingtheirgrowthrate(Quanetal.,2019).Takentogether,theseresultssuggestthatCPT1playsanimportantroleinregulatingpigfatdepositionandmaybeusefulinimprovingporkquality.
TheRegulationofCPT1ExpressioninPigs
TheexpressionofCPT1geneisregulatedbyavarietyoffactors,includingtranscriptionfactors,microRNAs(miRNAs),andDNAmethylation.Inpigs,transcriptionfactorssuch