认知风格对大学生英语成绩影响的实证研究.docx

认知风格对大学生英语成绩影响的实证研究
摘要
认知风格是一个人处理信息的方式，对英语学习和成绩有很大的影响。本研究使用问卷调查的方法，调查了300名大学英语学习者的认知风格和英语成绩之间的关系。结果显示，直觉型学生的英语成绩明显高于感觉型学生。同时，符号型和语言型学生的英语成绩也显著高于图像型和空间型学生。这说明学生的认知风格对英语学习和成绩有一定的影响。
关键词：认知风格，英语学习，大学生，成绩
Introduction
Cognitivestylereferstothewayapersonprocessesinformation,whichincludesperceptual,intellectual,andpersonalityfactorsthataffectlearningandproblem-solvingperformance(Sternberg,1997).Differentcognitivestylescanhaveanimpactondifferentaspectsoflearning,includinglanguagelearningandacademicachievement(Witkinetal.,1977).StudieshaveshownthatcognitivestyleinfluencesEnglishlanguagelearners’acquisitionandproficiencyinsecondlanguage(SLA)(EhrmanandLeaver,1984;Fontaine,etal.,2005),andcognitivestyleandacademicperformancearealsocorrelated(StumpfandStanley,1996).Therefore,thisstudyaimstoexaminetherelationshipbetweencognitivestyleandEnglishlanguageachievementamongcollegestudents.
Method
Participants
Theparticipantsincluded300collegestudentswhowereenrolledinanEnglishcourseatauniversityinChina.Therewere182femaleand118maleparticipants.Theiragesrangedfrom18to24yearsold(M=20.5,SD=1.6).AllparticipantswerenativeChinesespeakers.
Instruments
TheCognitiveStyleIndex(CSI)developedbyRidingandCheema(1991)wasusedtomeasuretheparticipants’cognitivestyles.TheCSIconsistsoffoursubteststhatassessdifferentaspectsofcognitivestyle,includingvisualimagery,verbalability,emotionality,andanalyticalthinking.Thescoreswerecategorizedintofourstyles:sensing,intuition,visual,andverbal.
Theparticipants’EnglishlanguageachievementsweremeasuredbytheirfinalgradesintheEnglishcourse.Thegradingsystemisbasedona100-pointscale,withascoreof60oraboveindicatingpassgrade.
Procedure
Thestudywasconductedasaquestionnairesurvey.TheparticipantscompletedtheCSIquestionnaireandprovidedtheirEnglishcoursegrades.Datawerecollectedintheparticipants’Englishclassduringclasstime.
DataAnalysis
Descriptivestatisticswerecalculatedfortheparticipants’cognitivestylesandtheirEnglishcoursegrades.TherelationshipsbetweencognitivestylesandEnglishcourse