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生物挥发修复砷污染土壤的研究.docx

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生物挥发修复砷污染土壤的研究 Introduction Arseniccontaminationisaseriousenvironmentalproblemworldwide,especiallyindevelopingcountrieswherearsenic-richgroundwateriswidelyusedfordrinkingandirrigationpurposes.Arsenicisatoxicheavymetalthatcancauseavarietyofadversehealtheffectsinhumansandanimals,includingskinlesions,cancer,andneurologicaldisorders.Traditionalmethodsofremediation,suchasexcavationandchemicaltreatment,areexpensiveandmaycausesecondarypollution.Therefore,thereisagrowinginterestindevelopingenvironmentallyfriendlyandsustainableremediationstrategies,suchasphytoremediation,whichusesplantstoremovecontaminantsfromsoilandwater. Thisstudyaimstoinvestigatethepotentialofusingvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs)producedbyplantsasaremediationstrategyforarsenic-contaminatedsoils.VOCsarecarbon-basedcompoundsthatcanbeemittedbyplantsandhavevariousbiologicalfunctions,suchasattractingpollinators,repellingherbivores,andcommunicatingwithotherorganisms.RecentstudieshaveshownthatsomeplantVOCscanalsomobilizeanddetoxifyheavymetals,includingarsenic,bypromotingthegrowthofbeneficialmicrobesandenhancingthesolubilityofmetalcompounds. Methods Weconductedagreenhouseexperimenttoevaluatetheeffectofthreecommonplantspecies,includingsunflower(Helianthusannuus),Indianmustard(Brassicajuncea),andryegrass(Loliummultiflorum),ontheremediationofarsenic-contaminatedsoil.Theexperimentaldesignconsistedofthreetreatments:(1)control,(2)plant-only,and(3)plant+VOCs.Wegrewtheplantsinpotsfilledwithsoilcollectedfromacontaminatedsiteinaformerminearea.Theinitialarsenicconcentrationofthesoilwas53.4mgkg-1. Aftersixweeksofgrowth,weharvestedtheplantsandanalyzedthesoilandplanttissuesforarseniccontent.WealsocollectedtheheadspaceVOCsusingsolid-phasemicroextraction(SPME)andanalyzedthemusinggaschromatography-massspectrometry(GC-MS). Results Theresultsshowedthatallthreeplantspeciessignificantlyreducedthearsenicconcentrationinthesoilcomparedtothecontrol.ThehighestreductionwasobservedintheIndianmustardtreatment,whichdecreasedthearsenicconcentrat