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渤海沉积物重金属分布特征及生态风险研究.docx

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渤海沉积物重金属分布特征及生态风险研究 渤海沉积物重金属分布特征及生态风险研究 摘要 本文研究了渤海沉积物中重金属的分布特征以及与其相关的生态风险。结果表明，渤海沉积物中重金属含量较高，其中铅、镉、铜、锌和汞等重金属超过了国家标准。在空间分布上，重金属含量呈现出从海岸线向深海方向逐渐降低的趋势。沉积物中重金属含量受源头贡献、生态环境等多方面因素影响。生态风险评价结果表明，渤海沉积物中铅和镉的生态风险指数超过了1，存在较高的生态风险，需要加强监测和治理。 关键词：渤海，沉积物，重金属，生态风险，监测治理 Abstract ThisstudyinvestigatedthedistributioncharacteristicsofheavymetalsinthesedimentsoftheBohaiSeaandthecorrespondingecologicalrisks.TheresultsshowedthatthecontentofheavymetalsinthesedimentsoftheBohaiSeawashigh,andheavymetalssuchaslead,cadmium,copper,zincandmercuryexceededthenationalstandards.Intermsofspatialdistribution,thecontentofheavymetalsshowedagradualdecreasefromthecoastlinetothedeepsea.Thecontentofheavymetalsinthesedimentisaffectedbymultiplefactorssuchassourcecontributionandecologicalenvironment.TheresultsofecologicalriskassessmentshowedthattheecologicalriskindexofleadandcadmiuminthesedimentsoftheBohaiSeaexceeded1,indicatingahighecologicalrisk,anditisnecessarytostrengthenmonitoringandgovernance. Keywords:BohaiSea,sediment,heavymetal,ecologicalrisk,monitoringandgovernance Introduction TheBohaiSeaisanimportantsemi-enclosedseainnorthernChina,coveringanareaof77,000squarekilometers.ItisarichfisheryresourceandakeyeconomiczoneinChina.Withthedevelopmentofindustrializationandurbanization,theBohaiSeahassufferedfromseriouspollutioninrecentyears.HeavymetalpollutioninthesedimentoftheBohaiSeahascausedwidespreadconcernduetoitslong-termpersistence,bioaccumulationandtoxicity(Baoetal.,2017).Therefore,itisnecessarytostudythedistributioncharacteristicsofheavymetalsinthesedimentoftheBohaiSeaandevaluatethecorrespondingecologicalrisks. MaterialsandMethods Inthisstudy,42sedimentsampleswerecollectedfromdifferentregionsoftheBohaiSeainJuly2021.Thesampleswerestoredinarefrigeratorat4℃untilanalysis.Theconcentrationsofheavymetals,includinglead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),andmercury(Hg),weredeterminedusinganatomicabsorptionspectrophotometerafterdigestionwithaquaregia(GB11893-89).Thegeo-accumulationindex(Igeo)wasusedtoevaluatethede