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拟南芥组蛋白甲基转移酶基因ATXR2的功能研究.docx

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拟南芥组蛋白甲基转移酶基因ATXR2的功能研究 Introduction Asamodelplantspecies,Arabidopsisthalianahasbeenextensivelystudiedinvariousaspects,includingtheregulationofgeneexpression.Oneimportantmechanismregulatinggeneexpressionisthecovalentmodificationofhistoneproteins,whichplaysakeyroleinshapingchromatinstructureandmodulatinggenetranscription.InArabidopsis,onegroupofenzymesthatmediatehistonemodificationsisthehistonelysinemethyltransferases.Thepurposeofthispaperistoreviewtheroleofaspecifichistonelysinemethyltransferase,ATXR2,inArabidopsis. ATXR2belongstotheSET-domainfamilyofhistonelysinemethyltransferasesandspecificallytargetslysine4ofhistoneH3(H3K4)formono-,di-,andtrimethylation.ATXR2isinvolvedinregulatingvariousbiologicalprocesses,includingfloweringtime,stressresponses,andseeddevelopment.ThispaperwillsummarizerecentfindingsonthefunctionalroleofATXR2inArabidopsis. ATXR2RegulatesChromatinStructure ThemainfunctionofATXR2istocatalyzeH3K4methylation,whichisassociatedwithtranscriptionalactivationinanimalsandplants.InArabidopsis,extensivestudieshaveshownthatATXR2-mediatedH3K4tri-methylation(H3K4me3)marksthe5′regionsofactivegenesandfacilitatestranscriptioninitiation.Inaddition,H3K4di-methylation(H3K4me2)isenrichedinpromoter-proximalregionsandhelpstomaintaintranscriptionalelongation. ATXR2hasalsobeenshowntoplayanimportantroleinregulatingchromatinstructurebymediatingotherhistonemodifications.Forexample,ATXR2interactswiththehistoneacetyltransferaseGCN5andtheSWI/SNFchromatinremodelingcomplextopositivelyregulategeneexpression.Incontrast,ATXR2canalsointeractwiththetranscriptionrepressorERF4andcontributetotheformationofarepressivechromatinenvironment.ThesefindingssuggestthattheroleofATXR2intranscriptionregulationiscontext-dependentandcanvarydependingontheinteractingpartnersandthebiologicalcontext. ATXR2RegulatesFloweringTime Floweringtimeisacriticaltraitforplantsurvivalandreproductivesuccess.InArabidopsis,timingoffloweringislargelyinfluencedbyenvironmentalcuessuchastemperature,lightanddaylength,andbyen