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含树枝大分子的π-共轭非线形嵌段共聚物的形貌调控.docx

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含树枝大分子的π-共轭非线形嵌段共聚物的形貌调控 Abstract Inrecentyears,therehasbeengrowinginterestinthedesignandsynthesisofπ-conjugatedpolymerswithlargemoleculescontainingbranches.Themorphologycontrolofsuchmaterialsiscriticalfortheirapplicationsinoptoelectronicdevices.Inthisreview,wesummarizetherecentprogressinthesynthesisandmorphologycontrolofπ-conjugatedpolymerswithtree-likebranchingstructures.Wealsodiscussthecurrentchallengesandfuturedirectionsinthisfield. Introduction Conjugatedpolymersareaclassofmaterialswithπ-electrondelocalizationalongtheirbackbonechains,whichendowthemwithsemiconductiveproperties.Theyhaveattractedsignificantattentioninvariousfields,includingorganicsolarcells,light-emittingdiodes,andfield-effecttransistors.Theπ-conjugatedsystemscanbeeasilymodifiedbyincorporatingvariousfunctionalgroups,anddifferenttypesofpolymerscanbeachievedbycontrollingthereactionconditions. Withthedevelopmentofsyntheticmethods,increasinglycomplexandsophisticatedπ-conjugatedpolymershavebeendesignedandsynthesized,whichhaveexhibitedenhancedoptoelectronicproperties.Amongthem,themoleculescontainingtree-likestructureshaveattractedparticularattentionduetotheiruniqueproperties,suchashighmolecularweight,enhancedsolubility,andfavorablefilm-formingproperties. Inthisreview,wesummarizerecentadvancesinthesynthesisandmorphologycontrolofπ-conjugatedpolymerswithtree-likebranchingstructures.Wealsodiscussthechallengesandtrendsinthisfield. SyntheticApproachesforTree-likeπ-ConjugatedPolymers Thesynthesisoftree-likeπ-conjugatedpolymerscanbebroadlydividedintotwocategories:step-growthpolymerizationandchain-growthpolymerization.Theformerisbasedontheformationofcovalentbondsbetweenmonomerstoformanetworkstructure,whilethelatterinvolvestheinsertionofmonomersintothegrowingchains. Forstep-growthpolymerization,atypicalexampleispoly(amidoamine)dendrimers(PAMAMs),whichcontainanaminogroupattheircoreandbranchedpolyamidechains. Chain-growthpolymerizationisthemostcommonmethodforsynthesizingmacromolecules,whichcanbefurtherdividedintoco