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Internationalbusiness 选择10*2分 Globalizationhasseveralfacets,includingtheglobalizationofmarketsandtheglobalizationofproduction 全球化有几个方面,包括市场的全球化和生产全球化 Theroleoftechnologicalchange: MicroprocessorsandTelecommunications Theinternetandworldwideweb Transportationtechnology 技术变革的作用:微处理器和通信、互联网和万维网、交通技术 Legalsystem CommonLaw–basedontradition,precedent,andcustom CivilLaw(codelaw)–basedonaverydetailedsetoflawsorganizedintocodes TheocraticLaw–basedonreligiousteachings 法律体系 普通法——基于传统,先例,和自定义 民法(法典法律)——根据一组非常详细的法律组织成法典 神权法——基于宗教教义 Normsarethesocialrulesthatgovernpeople’sactionstowardoneanother. Normscanbesubdividedfurtherintotwomajorcategories:folkwaysandmores Folkwaysareroutineconventionsofeverydaylife. 规范社会规则来控制人们的行为向另一个。进一步规范可以再细分为两个主要类别:民俗和风俗风俗习惯是日常生活的常规惯例。 EconomicimplicationsofChristianity:theprotestantworkethic mainbranchesofChristianity:catholic,orthodox,andprotestant—thelatterhasthemostimportanteconomicimplications 基督教的经济影响:基督教的新教工作伦理主要分支:天主教、东正教,新教后者最重要的经济含义 EconomicimplicationsofConfucianismp79 经济影响的儒家思想 Strawmen: TheFriedmandoctrine: Culturalrelativism Therighteousmoralist: Thenaiveimmoralist 稻草男人:弗里德曼的教义: 文化相对主义 正义道德家 天真的不道德的人 8.ForPorter,theessentialtaskwastoexplainwhyanationachievesinternationalsuccessinaparticularindustry.WhydoGermanyandtheUnitedStatesdosowellinthechemicalindustry?P139 Portertheorizesthatfourbroadattributesofanationshapetheenvironmentinwhichlocalfirmscompete,andtheseattributespromoteorimpedethecreationofcompetitiveadvantage(seeFigure6.6)Theseattributesare: (1)Factorendowments--anation’spositioninfactorsofproductionsuchasskilledlaborortheinfrastructurenecessarytocompeteinagivenindustry. (2)Demandconditions--thenatureofhomedemandfortheindustry’sproductorservice (3)Relatingandsupportingindustries--thepresenceorabsenceofsupplierindustriesandrelatedindustriesthatareinternationallycompetitive. (4)Firmstrategy,structure,andrivalry--theconditionsgoverninghowcompaniesarecreated,organized,andmanagedandthenatureofdomesticrivalry. 波特的基本任务是解释为什么一个国家在