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Attributiveclause定语从句(一)定语从句(attributiveclause):修饰主句中名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。先行词(antecedent):被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。关系代/副词(relativepronoun&relativeadverb):引导定语从句的代词或副词叫做关系代/副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;关系副词有where,when,why等。关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。2,代替先行词。3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。Maryisastudentwhois21yearsold. ()() TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen. ()()关系代词在定语从句中可以充当: 主语(subject) 宾语(object) 表语(predicative) 定语(attribute) 状语(adverbial)关系代词的用法1.who:指人,在从句中作主语或宾语。 TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(主语) Mr.LingisjusttheboywhoIwanttosee.(宾语) 2.Whom:指人,在定语从句中充当宾语。 Mr.Liuisthepersonwhomyoutalkedaboutonthebus. 3.Whose:通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。 Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor. 4.Which:指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语。 Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys. Thisisthepenwhichheboughtyesterday. 5.That:指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语,宾语或表语,做宾语时可省略。 Thenumberofthepeoplethatcometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.(主语) WhereisthemanthatIsawthismorning?(宾语) Chinaisnotthecountrythatitusedtobe.(表语) 6.As:既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中可充当主语、宾语和表语。它常用在thesame…as,such…as等句型中,as不可省略。 Heissuchagoodpersonaseverybodyhererespects. IhadthesameexperienceinAmericaasyouhad. Payattention:Payattention:Payattention:Payattention:1.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词,以及last,only,very,same,one,few,any,little,much,no, Some等词修饰时。如: Thefirstthingthatweshoulddoistoworkoutaplan. Newtonwasoneofthegreatestmenthateverlived.2.先行词为不定代词everything,something,nothing,anything,all,much,little,none,few等不定代词时。如: IamfondofeverythingthatyouhaveboughtinChina.3.先行词既有人又有物时。如: Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwesawthen. Lookatthemanandhisdonkeythatarewalkingupthestreet.4.当主句中有who,which等疑问代 词时。如: Whichisthedictionarythatyouwant? Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythe door?